“民生”词汇精选

译声翻译公司精品翻译知识导读： 

“民生”是个大议题，这些年一直受到广泛关注。学子们的考卷上也难免碰到类似看上去很专业的词汇和文章，所以今天我们就恶补一下这类单词吧。
创新精神
be innovation-minded; to have a creative mind
干部年轻化
rejuvenation of cadres
岗位培训
on-job training
安居工程
housing project for low-income families
安居小区
a neighborhood for low-income families
保障妇女就业权利
to guarantee women’s right to employment
补发拖欠的离退休人员统筹项目内的养老金
All back pension entitlements have been paid for the retired covered by the overall government plan.
城镇职工基本医疗保险制度
the basic medical insurance system for urban employees
大家庭
extended family
大力推行个人助学信贷
Personal loans to finance education should be vigorously promoted.
大专文凭
associate degree (conferred to junior college students)
裁定保险赔偿
adjudication of benefits
城镇居民最低生活保障
guarantee of subsistence allowances for urban residents
在城镇强制推行以养老、失业、医疗为重点的社会保险
Social welfare insurance, particularly old-age, unemployment and medical insurance, must be made mandatory in urban areas.
城镇社会保障体系
the social security system in urban areas
代培
training-on-contract program
代培生
trainee on contract
带薪分流
assign redundant civil servants to other jobs while allowing them to retain their original rank and benefits
待业人员
job seekers
定向培训
training for specific posts
对保障方案进行精算评估
Security programs should undergo actuarial review.
对口扶贫
provide poverty alleviation aid to the designated sister regions
恶性犯罪
major crimes
福利分房
buy a benefit-oriented apartment from the organization one works with
复式住宅
compound apartment
工伤保险制度
the on-job injury insurance system
工资收入分配制度
the wage and income distribution system
关系国计民生的大事
matters vital to national well-being and the people’s livelihood
关心和支持残疾人事业
Programs to help the physically and mentally challenged deserve our care and
support.
贵族学校
exclusive school（美）; select school（英）
国企下岗职工基本生活保障
guarantee of basic cost of living allowances for workers laid off from state-owned enterprises
过紧日子
tighten one’s belt
过温饱生活
live a life at a subsistent level
合理调整就业结构
to rationally readjust the employment structure
后勤服务社会化
make logistic services independent in their operation
积极发展民办教育
Efforts should be made to develop schools not operated by government education departments.
加快住房分配货币化进程
capitalization process of housing distribution/allocation
加强舆论监督
ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion
坚持“两手抓、两手都要硬”的方针
adhere to the principle of “doing two jobs at once and attaching equal importance to each”
坚持正确的舆论导向
maintain the correct orientation for public opinion
建立集体合同制度
to establish a group contract system
建立市场导向的就业机制
to establish a market-oriented employment mechanism
建立新型的劳动关系
to establish a new type of labor relations
建设廉洁、勤政、务实、高效政府
build a clean and diligent, pragmatic and efficient government
劳动标准体系
labor standard system
劳动争议处理体制
the system of handling labor disputes
提高部分优抚对象抚恤标准
Allowances for certain disabled service men and women and family members of revolutionary martyrs and service men and women have been increased.
统筹兼顾城乡就业
to make overall plans for urban and rural system
推行职业资格证书制度
to introduce a vocational qualification credentials system
实施积极促进就业的政策
to implement the policy of vigorously increasing employment
实现基本普及九年义务教育
The goal in the effort to make nine-year compulsory education basically universal has been attained.
实行弹性大、灵活性强、多样化的就业形式
to adopt elastic, flexible, diversified forms of employment
实行计划生育、控制人口数量、提高人口素质
promote family planning and control the population size and improve the health of the people
实行劳动合同制度
to institute a labor contract system
重视发展具有比较优势和市场潜力的劳动密集型企业
to stress the development of labor-intensive enterprises with comparative advantages and market potential
抓好农村和流动人口计划生育管理与服务
devote efforts to the management of family planning and related services in rural areas and among the floating population
最低生活保障制度
the minimum living standard security system
推动就业服务向社区延伸，形成多层次的就业服务网络
to encourage the formation of community-run agencies as a part of the multi-level employment service network
教育程度比率
educational attainment ratio
戒毒所
drug rehabilitation center
扩大就业和再就业
to expand employment and reemployment
劳动保障监察制度
the labor security supervision system