地质翻译英语词汇大总结

地质行业属于我国的基础性行业，它在我国的经济发展中起着基础性和先行性的作用。随着全球能源与资源类商品的紧缺，地质行业又开始获得了新的发展，越来越多的企业机构纷纷投入资金，因此对地质翻译的需求也在持续的增加，要求也就变得越来越高了。今天，专业地质翻译公司——译声翻译就给大家汇总了一些地质翻译工作中常用的英语词汇，希望对那些从事地质翻译工作的小伙伴们能够有所帮助！

一、地层stratigraphy

宇 eonothem

界 erathem

系 system

统 series

阶 stage

群 group

组 formation

段 member

显生宇 Phaneozoic Eonothem

元古宇 ProterozoicEonothem

太古宇 Archaean Eonothem

新生界 Cenozoic Erathem

第四系 Quaternary System

全新统 Holocene Series

更新统 Pleistocene Series

第三系 Tertiary System

晚第三系 Neogene System

上新统 Pliocene Series

中新统 Miocene Series

早第三系 Paleogene System

渐新统 Oligocene Series

始新统 Eocene Series

古新统 Paleocene Series

中生界 Mesozoic Erathem

白垩系 Cretaceous System

侏罗系 Jurassic System

三叠系 triassic System

古生界 Paleozoic Erathem

二叠系 Permian System

石炭系 Carboniferous System

泥盆系 Devonian System

志留系 Silurian System

奥陶系 Ordovician System

寒武系 Cambrian System

新元古界 NeoproterozoicErathem

震旦系 Sinian System

中元古界 Mesoproterozoic Erathem

古元古界 PalaeoproterozoicErathem

地层对比 stratigraphiccorrelation

层位 horizon

标志层 key bed

哑层 barren bed

缺失 lacuna

尖灭 feather edge

透镜状结构 lensoid

连续 continuity

不连续 discontinuity

整合 conformity

不整合 unconformity

角度不整合 angular unconformity

平行不整合 para-unconformity

产状 occurrence

走向 strike

倾角 dip

真倾角 true dip

视倾角 apparent dip

倾伏角 plunge

侧倾角 pitch

层理 bedding

层面 bedding planes

交错层理 cross bedding

 

二、岩性lithology

粘土 clay

粉质粘土 silty clay

砂 sand

砾石 gravel

沉积岩 sedimentaryrock

火成岩 igneousrock

变质岩 metamorphicrock

粘土岩 claystone, clay rock

页岩 shale

泥岩 mudstone

粉砂岩 siltstone

泥质粉砂岩 argillaceous siltstone,pelitic siltstone,muddy siltstone

砂岩 sandstone

泥质砂岩 argillaceous sandstone, pelitic sandstone, muddy sandstone

砾岩 conglomerate

煤 coal

灰岩 limestone

泥灰岩 marl, marlstone

白云岩 dolomite

蒸发岩 evaporite

岩浆岩 magmatic rock, magmatite

花岗岩 granite

玄武岩 basalt

凝灰岩 tuff

大理岩 marble

片麻岩 gneiss

夕卡岩 skarn

 

三、矿物mineral

石英 quartz

长石 feldspar

云母 mica

白云母 muscovite

方解石 calcspar

角闪石 hornblende

石膏 gypsum

硬石膏 anhydrite

石盐 rock salt

钾石盐 sylvine

光卤石 carnallite

溢晶石 tachydrite

水氯镁石 bischofite

 

四、颜色colour

灰色 gray

白色 white

黄色 yellow

蓝色 blue

绿色 green

黑色 black

红色 red

棕色 brown

黄褐色 tan

深色 dark

浅色 light

暗色 dull

 

五、构造tectonics

断层 fault

正断层 normal fault

逆断层

 reverse fault

冲断层 thrust

走滑断层  strike-slip fault

倾滑断层  dip-slip fault

断层面 fault surface

断层线 fault line

地垒 horst

地堑 graben

节理 joint

上盘 hanging wall

下盘 foot wall

落差 throw

平错 heave

断层泥 fault gouge

断层角砾 fault brecci

海侵 transgression

海退 regression

褶曲 fold

背斜 anticline

向斜 syncline

褶轴 fold axis

轴隆区 culmination

轴陷区 depression

翼 limb

穹窿  dome

盆地 basin

 

六、水文地质hydrologic geology

河流river

水库 reservoir

泉 spring

地表水 surface water

地下水 groundwater

大气降水atmospheric precipitation

潜水phreatic water

承压水confined water

层间水interstrated water

地下水位 groundwater level

含水层aquifer, water bearing layer

隔水层aquiclude, water-resistinglayer

弱含水层aquitard

透水层permeable bed

孔隙含水层porous aquifer

裂隙含水层fissured aquifer

岩溶含水层karst aquifer

无压含水层unconfined aquifer

承压含水层confined aquifer

含水岩组water-bearingformation

含水岩系water-bearing rock series

持水度water-holding capacity

给水度specific yield

透水性permeability

富水性water yield property

溶洞karst cave

孔隙水pore water

裂隙水fissure water

岩溶水karst water

补给区 recharge area

径流区 runoff area

排泄区 discharge area

地下径流 underground runoff

地下水排泄 groundwater discharge

降水补给precipitation recharge

地表水补给 surface waterrecharge

越流补给 leakage recharge

水文地质单元hydrogeological unit

地下水赋存条件 groundwater occurrence

水文地质条件hydrogeological condition

水文地质类型hydrogeological type

地下水储存量 groundwater storage

地下水监测 groundwatermonitoring

抽水试验 pumping test

注水试验 injection test

入渗试验 Infiltration test

水文调查hydrologic investigation

渗透系数osmoticcoefficient

矿床充水flooding of ore deposit

矿床充水条件flooding condition of oredeposit

矿床充水水源Water source of ore depositflooding

矿床充水通道flooding passage in ore deposit

充水岩层flooding layer

老窿水goaf water

矿坑涌水量water yield of mine

正常涌水量normal water yield

最大涌水量maximum water yield

大井法Large diameter well method

开采疏干simultaneousdraining in mining

地下疏干underground draining

地表疏干surfacedraining

疏干钻孔drainwell

疏干巷道drainingtunnel

矿井突水water bursting in mines

突水点water bursting point

防水矿柱ore pillarpreventing water burst

矿井堵水water blocking in mines

探水钻孔water exploration borehole

注浆孔grouting well

最高洪水位 maximum flood level

 

七、工程地质egineering geology

顶板 roof

顶板稳定性 roof stability

顶板冒落带 caving zone of topwall

顶板裂隙带 fissure zone of topwall

顶板管理 roof control

顶板支护 roof support

顶板崩落 collapse of roof

底板 floor, footwall

底鼓 footwall heaving

岩石物理性质 physical propertiesof rock

岩石力学性质 mechanicalproperties of rock

抗压强度compressive strength

抗拉强度 tensilestrength

岩爆 rock burst

软弱结构面 weak structuralplane

工程地质条件 engineering geologiccondition

 

八、环境地质environmental geology

岩崩 rock fall

滑坡 landslide

泥石流 mud-rock flow

地震 earthquake

地面沉降 subsidence

地面开裂 land crack

地面塌陷 ground surface collapse

塌陷坑 collapse pit

地下水污染 groundwater pollution

地表水污染 surface waterpollution

污染源pollution source

地下水资源枯竭 groundwater resourcedepletion

地下水质恶化 deterioration of groundwaterquality

 

九、资源/储量resource/reserve

矿产资源mineralresources

储量 reserves

基础储量 reserve base

资源量 resources

可采储量 proved reserves

预可采储量 probable reserves

探明的 measured

控制的 indicated

推断的 inferred

预测的prognostic

远景储量 prospective reserves

经济的 economic

边际经济的 marginally economic

次经济的 subeconomic

内蕴经济的intrinsically economic

矿石 ore

矿层 orebed

矿床 ore deposit

矿块 ore block

矿柱 ore pillar, ore column

矿石品位 ore grade

富矿体 ore shoot, orecourse

贫矿 poor ore