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  炼焦coking

  高温炭化high temperature carbonization

  塑性成焦机理plastic mechanism of coke formation

  中间相成焦机理mesophase mechanism of coke formation

  选煤coal preparation, coal washing

  配煤coal blending

  配煤试验coal blending test

  炼焦煤coking coal

  气煤gas coal

  肥煤fat coal

  瘦煤lean coal

  焦炉coke oven

  焦化室oven chamber

  焦饼coke cake

  结焦时间coking time

  周转时间cycle time

  装煤coal charging

  捣固装煤stamp charging

  推焦coke pushing

  焦炭熄火coke quenching

  干法熄焦dry quenching of coke

  焦台coke wharf

  装煤车larry car

  推焦机pushing machine

  拦焦机coke guide

  熄焦车quenching car

  焦炉焖炉banking for coke oven

  焦炭coke

  冶金焦metallurgical coke

  铸造焦foundry coke

  焦炭工业分析proximate analysis of coke

  焦炭元素分析ultimate analysis of coke

  焦炭落下指数shatter index of coke

  焦炭转鼓指数drum index of coke

  焦炭热强度hot strength of coke

  焦炭反应性coke reactivity

  焦炭反应后强度post-reaction strength of coke

  焦炭显微强度microstrength of coke

  焦炉煤气coke oven gas

  发热值calorific value

  煤焦油coal tar

  粗苯crude benzol

  苯benzene

  甲苯toluene

  二甲苯xylene

  苯并呋喃-茚树脂 coumarone-indene resin

  精萘refined naphthalene

  精蒽refined anthracene

  煤[焦油]沥青 coal tar pitch

  沥青焦pitch coke

  针状焦needle coke

  型焦formcoke

  5.2 耐火材料

  耐火材料refractory materials

  耐火粘土fireclay

  高岭土kaolin

  硬质粘土flint clay

  轻质粘土soft clay

  陶土pot clay

  蒙脱石montmorillonite

  叶蜡石pyrophyllite

  膨润土bentonite

  鳞石英tridymite

  方石英cristobalite

  砂岩sandstone

  耐火石firestone

  莫来石mullite

  氧化铝alumina

  烧结氧化铝sintered alumina

  电熔氧化铝fused alumina

  刚玉corundum

  红柱石andalusite

  蓝晶石kyanite,cyanite

  硅线石sillimanite

  橄榄石olivine

  方镁石periclase

  镁砂magnesia

  合成镁砂synthetic sintered magnesia

  电熔镁砂fused magnesia

  烧结白云石砂sintered dolomite clinker

  合成镁铬砂synthetic magnesia chromite clinker

  尖晶石spinel

  镁铬尖晶石magnesia chrome spinel,magnesiochromite

  硅藻土diatomaceous earth, infusorial earth

  蛭石vermiculite

  珍珠岩perlite

  碳化硅silicon carbide

  氮化硅silicon nitride

  氮化硼boron nitride

  粘土熟料chamotte

  熟料grog

  轻烧light burning,soft burning

  死烧dead burning,hard burning

  成型模注shaping moulding

  机压成型mechanical pressing

  等静压成型isostatic pressing

  摩擦压砖机friction press

  液压压砖机hydraulic press

  捣打成型ramming process

  熔铸成型fusion cast process

  砖坯强度green strength,dry strength

  隧道窑tunnel kiln

  回转窑rotary kiln

  倒焰窑down draught kiln

  耐火砖refractory brick

  标准型耐火砖standard size refractory brick

  泡砂石quartzite sandstone

  酸性耐火材料acid refractory [material]

  硅质耐火材料siliceous refractory [material]

  硅砖silica brick,dinas brick

  熔融石英制品fused quartz product

  硅酸铝质耐火材料aluminosillicate refractory

  半硅砖semisilica brick

  粘土砖fireclay brick,chamotte brick

  石墨粘土砖graphite clay brick

  高铝砖high alumina brick

  硅线石砖sillimanite brick

  莫来石砖mullite brick

  刚玉砖corundum brick

  铝铬砖alumina chrome brick

  熔铸砖fused cast brick

  碱性耐火材料basic refractory [material]

  镁质耐火材料magnesia refractory [material]

  镁砖magnesia brick

  镁铝砖magnesia alumina brick

  镁铬砖magnesia chrome brick

  镁炭砖magnesia carbon brick

  中性耐火材料neutral refractory [material]

  复合砖composite brick

  铝炭砖alumina carbon brick

  铝镁炭转alumina magnesia brick

  锆炭砖zirconia graphite brick

  镁钙炭砖magnesia clacia carbon brick

  长水口long nozzle

  浸入式水口immersion nozzle,submerged nozzle

  定径水口metering nozzle

  氧化铝-碳化硅-炭砖 Al2O3-SiC-C brick

  透气砖gas permeable brick,porous brick

  滑动水口slide gate nozzle

  水口砖nozzle brick

  塞头砖stopper

  绝热耐火材料insulating refractory

  轻质耐火材料light weight refractory

  袖砖sleeve brick

  格子砖checker brick,chequer brick

  陶瓷纤维ceramic fiber

  耐火纤维refractory fiber

  耐火浇注料refractory castable

  耐火混凝土refractory concrete

  荷重耐火性refractoriness under load

  抗渣性slagging resistance

  耐磨损性abrasion resistance

  5.3 碳素材料

  [含]碳[元]素材料 carbon materials

  无定形碳amorphous carbon

  金刚石diamond

  炭相[学]carbon micrography

  炭黑carbon black

  石油沥青petroleum pitch

  石油焦炭petroleum coke

  石墨化graphitization

  石墨化电阻炉electric resistance furnace for graphitization

  石墨纯净化处理purification treatment of graphite

  炭砖carbon brick

  炭块carbon block

  碳化硅基炭块SiC-based carbon block

  炭电极carbon electrode

  连续自焙电极Soderberg electrode

  石墨电极graphite electrode

  超高功率石墨电极ultra-high power graphite electrode

  石墨电极接头graphite electrode nipple

  石墨电极接头孔graphite electrode socket plug

  电极糊electrode paste

  石墨坩埚graphite crucible

  石墨电阻棒graphite rod resistor

  炭刷carbon brush

  高纯石墨high purity graphite

  5.4 铁合金

  铁合金ferroalloy

  硅铁ferrosilicon

  硅钙calcium silicon

  金属硅silicon metal

  锰铁ferromangnanese

  低碳锰铁low carbon ferromanganese

  硅锰silicomanganese

  金属锰manganese metal

  铬铁ferrochromium

  低碳铬铁low carbon ferrochromium

  微碳铬铁extra low carbon ferrochromium

  硅铬silicochromium

  金属铬chromium metal

  钨铁ferrotunsten

  钼铁ferromolybdenum

  钛铁ferrotitanium

  硼铁ferroboron

  铌铁ferroniobium

  磷铁ferrophosphorus

  镍铁ferronickel

  锆铁ferrozirconium

  硅锆silicozirconium

  稀土硅铁rare earth ferrosilicon

  稀土镁硅铁rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium

  成核剂nucleater

  孕育剂incubater,inoculant

  球化剂nodulizer

  蠕化剂vermiculizer

  中间铁合金master alloy

  复合铁合金complex ferroalloy

  电碳热法electro-carbothermic process

  电硅热法electro-silicothermic process

  铝热法aluminothermic process,thermit process

  电铝热法electro-aluminothermic process

  开弧炉open arc furnace

  埋弧炉submerged arc furnace

  半封闭炉semiclosed furnace

  封闭炉closed furnace

  矮烟罩电炉electric furnace with low hood

  矮炉身电炉low-shaft electric furnace

  5.5 烧结与球团

  人造块矿ore agglomerates

  烧结矿sinter

  压块矿briquette

  球团[矿] pellet

  针铁矿goethite

  自熔性铁矿self-fluxed iron ore

  复合铁矿complex iron ore

  块矿lump ore

  粉矿ore fines

  矿石混匀ore blending

  配矿ore proportioning

  矿石整粒ore size grading

  返矿return fines

  储矿场ore stockyard

  矿石堆料机ore stocker

  匀矿取料机ore reclaimer

  熔剂flux

  消石灰slaked lime

  活性石灰quickened lime

  有机粘结剂organic binder

  烧结混合料sinter mixture

  烧结铺底料hearth layer for sinter

  烧结sintering

  烧结热前沿heat front in sintering

  烧结火焰前沿flame front in sintering

  渣相粘结slag bonding

  扩散粘结diffusion bonding

  带式烧结机Dwight-Lloyd sintering machine

  环式烧结机circular travelling sintering machine

  烧结梭式布料机shuttle conveyer belt

  烧结点火料sintering ignition furnace

  烧结盘sintering pan

  烧结锅sintering pot

  烧结冷却机sinter cooler

  带式冷却机straight-line cooler

  环式冷却机circular cooler,annular cooler

  生球green pellet,ball

  生球长大聚合机理ball growth by coalescence

  生球长大成层机理ball growth by layering

  生球长大同化机理ball growth by assimilation

  精矿成球指数balling index for iron ore concentrates

  生球转鼓强度drum strength of green pellet

  生球落下强度shatter strength of green pellet

  生球抗压强度compression strength of green pellet

  生球爆裂温度cracking temperature of green pellet

  圆筒造球机balling drum

  圆盘造球机balling disc

  竖炉陪烧球团shaft furnace for pellet firing

  带式机陪烧球团traveling grate for pellet firing

  链算机-回转窑陪烧球团grate-kiln for pellet firing

  环式机陪烧球团circular gates for pellet firing

  冷固结球团cold bound pellet

  维式体wustite

  铁橄榄石fayalite

  铁尖晶石hercynite

  铁黄长石ferrogehlenite

  铁酸半钙calcium diferrite

  铁酸钙calcium ferrite

  铁酸二钙dicalcium ferrite

  锰铁橄榄石knebelite

  钙铁橄榄石kirschsteinite

  钙铁辉石hedenbergite

  钙铁榴石andradite

  钙长石anorthite

  钙镁橄榄石monticellite

  钙钛矿perovskite

  硅灰石wollastonite

  硅酸二钙dicalcium silicate

  硅酸三钙tricalcium silicate

  镁橄榄石forsterite

  镁黄长石akermanite

  镁蔷薇辉石manganolite

  钙铝黄长石gehlenite

  钛辉石titanaugite

  枪晶石cuspidine

  预还原球团pre-reduced pellet

  金属化球团metallized pellet

  转鼓试验drum test,tumbler test

  落下试验shatter test

  5.6 高炉炼铁

  炼铁iron making

  高炉炼铁[法] blast furnace process

  高炉blast furnace

  鼓风炉blast furnace

  炉料charge, burden

  矿料ore charge

  焦料coke charge

  炉料提升charge hoisting

  小车上料charge hoisting by skip

  吊罐上料charge hoisting by bucket

  皮带上料charge hoisting by belt conveyer

  装料charging

  装料顺序charging sequence

  储料漏斗hopper

  双料钟式装料two-bells system charging

  无料钟装料bell-less charging

  布料器distributor

  炉内料线stock line in the furnace

  探料尺gauge rod

  利用系数utilization coefficient

  冶炼强度combustion intensity

  鼓风blast

  风压blast pressure

  风温blast temperature

  鼓风量blast volume

  鼓风湿度blast humidity

  全风量操作full blast

  慢风under blowing

  休风delay

  喷吹燃料fuel injection

  喷煤coal injection

  喷油oil injection

  富氧鼓风oxygen enriched blast,oxygen enrichment

  置换比replacement ratio

  喷射器injector

  热补偿thermal compensation

  焦比coke ratio,coke rate

  燃料比fuel ratio,fuel rate

  氧化带oxidizing zone

  风口循环区raceway

  蒸汽鼓风humidified blast

  混合喷吹mixed injection

  脱湿鼓风dehumidified blast

  炉内压差pressure drop in furnace

  煤气分布gas distribution

  煤气利用率gas utilization rate

  炉况furnace condition

  顺行smooth running

  焦炭负荷coke load,ore to coke ratio

  软熔带cohesive zone,softening zone

  渣比slag to iron ratio,slag ratio

  上部[炉料]调节burden conditioning

  下部[鼓风]调节blast conditioning

  高炉作业率operation rate of blast furnace

  休风率delay ratio

  高炉寿命blast furnace campaign

  悬料hanging

  崩料slip

  沟流channeling

  结瘤scaffolding

  炉缸冻结hearth freeze-up

  开炉blow on

  停炉blow off

  积铁salamander

  炉型profile,furnace lines

  炉喉throat

  炉身shaft,stack

  炉腰belly

  炉腹bosh

  炉缸hearth

  炉底 bottom

  炉腹角bosh angle

  炉身角stack angle

  有效容积effective volume

  工作容积working bolume

  铁口iron notch, slag notch

  渣口cinder notch, slag notch

  风口tuyere

  窥视孔peep hole

  风口水套tuyere cooler

  渣口水套slag notch cooler

  风口弯头tuyere stock

  热风围管bustle pipe

  堵渣机stopper

  泥炮mud gun,clay gun

  开铁口机iron notch drill

  铁水hot metal

  铁[水]罐iron ladle

  鱼雷车torpedo car

  主铁沟sow

  出铁沟casting house

  铁沟iron runner

  渣沟slag runner

  渣罐cinder ladle, slag ladle

  撇渣器skimmer

  冷却水箱cooling plate

  冷却壁cooling stave

  汽化冷却vaporization cooling

  热风炉hot blast stove

  燃烧室combustion chamber

  燃烧器burner

  热风阀hot blast valve

  烟道阀chimney valve

  冷风阀cold blast valve

  助燃风机burner blower

  切断阀burner shut-off valve

  旁通阀by-pass valve

  混风阀mixer selector valve

  送风期on blast of stove,on blast

  燃烧期on gas of stove, on gas

  换炉stove changing

  放散阀blow off valve

  内燃式热风炉Cowper stove

  外燃式燃烧炉outside combustion stove

  顶燃式热风炉top combustion stove

  炉顶放散阀bleeding valve

  放散管bleeder

  上升管gas uptake

  放风阀snorting valve

  均压阀equalizing valve

  高压调节阀septum valve

  炉顶高压elevated top pressure

  铸铁机pig-casting machine

  铸铁模pig mold

  冲天炉cupola

  水渣granulating slag

  水渣池granulating pit

  渣场slag disposal pit

  高炉煤气top gas,blast furnace gas

  高炉煤气回收topgas recovery,TGR

  非焦炭炼铁non-coke iron making

  直接还原炼铁[法]direct reduction iron making

  直接还原铁directly reduced iron,DRI

  竖炉直接炼铁direct reduction in shaft furnace

  流态化炼铁fluidized-bed iron making

  转底炉炼铁rotary hearth iron making

  米德雷克斯直接炼铁[法]Midrex process

  HYL直接炼铁[法] HYL process

  克虏伯回转窑炼铁[法] Krupp rotary kiln iron-making

  熔态还原smelting reduction

  铁溶法iron-bath process

  科雷克斯法COREX process

  生铁pig iron

  海绵铁sponge iron

  镜铁spiegel iron

  清铁法H-rion process

  5.7 炼钢

  钢steel

  炼钢steelmaking

  钢水liquid steel,molten steel

  钢semisteel

  沸腾钢rimming steel,rimmed steel

  镇静钢killed steel

  半镇静钢semikilled steel

  压盖沸腾钢capped steel

  坩埚炼钢法crucible steelmaking

  双联炼钢法duplex steelmaking process

  连续炼钢法continuous steelmaking process

  直接炼钢法direct steelmaking process

  混铁炉hot metal machine

  装料机charging machine

  装料期charging machine

  加热期heating period

  熔化期melting period

  造渣期slag forming period

  精炼期refining period

  熔清melting down

  脱氧deoxidation

  预脱氧preliminary dexidation

  还原渣reducing slag

  酸性渣acid slag

  碱性渣basic slag

  脱碳decarburization

  增碳recarburization

  脱磷dephosphorization

  回磷rephosphorization

  脱硫desulfurization

  回硫resulfurization

  脱氮denitrogenation

  过氧化overoxidation

  出钢tapping

  冶炼时间duration of heat

  出钢样tapping sample

  浇铸样casting sample

  不合格炉次off heat

  熔炼损耗melting loss

  铁损iron loss

  废钢scrap

  废钢打包baling of scrap

  造渣材料slag making materials

  添加剂addition reagent

  脱氧剂deoxidizer

  脱硫剂desulfurizer

  冷却剂coolant

  回炉渣return slag

  喷枪lance

  浸入式喷枪submerged lance

  钢包ladle

  出钢口top hole

  出钢槽pouring lining

  炉顶furnace roof

  炉衬furnace lining

  炉衬侵蚀lining erosion

  渣线slag line

  炉衬寿命lining life

  分区砌砖zoned lining

  补炉fettling

  热修hot repair

  喷补gunning

  火焰喷补flame gunning

  转炉converter

  底吹转炉bottom-blown converter

  酸性空气底吹转炉air bottom-blown acid converter

  碱性空气底吹转炉air bottom-blown basic converter

  侧吹转炉side-blown converter

  卡尔多转炉Kaldo converter

  氧气炼铁oxygen steelmaking

  氧气顶吹转炉top-blown oxygen converter,LI converter

  氧气底吹转炉bottom-blown oxygen converter quiet basic oxygen

  furnace,QBOF

  顶底复吹转炉top and bottom combined blown converter

  喷石灰粉顶吹氧气转炉法oxygen lime process

  底吹煤氧的复合吹炼法Klockner-Maxhutte steelmaking process,KMS

  住友复合吹炼法Sumitomo top and bottom blowing process,STB

  LBE复吹法lance bubbling equilibrium process,LBE

  顶枪喷煤粉炼钢法Arved lance carbon injection process,ALCI

  蒂森复合吹炼法Thyssen Blassen Metallurgical process,TBM

  面吹surface blow

  软吹soft blow

  硬吹hard blow

  补吹reblow

  过吹overblow

  后吹after blow

  目标碳aim carbon

  终点碳end point carbon

  高拉碳操作catch carbon practice

  增碳操作recarburization practice

  单渣操作single-slag operation

  双渣操作double-slag operation

  渣乳化slag emulsion

  二次燃烧postcombustion

  吹氧时间oxygen blow duration

  吹炼终点blow end point

  倒炉turning down

  喷渣slopping

  喷溅spitting

  静态控制static control

  动态控制dynamic control

  氧枪oxygen lance

  氧枪喷孔nozzle of oxygen lance

  多孔喷枪multi-nozzle lance

  转炉炉体converter body

  炉帽upper cone

  炉口mouth,lip ring

  装料大面impact pad

  活动炉底removable bottom

  顶吹氧枪top blow oxygen lance

  副枪sublance

  多孔砖nozzle brick

  单环缝喷嘴single annular tuyere

  双环缝喷嘴double annular tuyere

  挡渣器slag stopper

  挡渣塞floating plug

  电磁测渣器electromagnetic slag detector

  废气控制系统off gas control system,OGCS

  平炉open-hearth furnace

  平炉炼钢open-hearth steelmaking

  冷装法cold charge practice

  热装法hot charge practice

  碳沸腾carbon boil

  石灰沸腾lime boil

  炉底沸腾bottom boil

  再沸腾reboil

  有效炉底面积effective hearth area

  酸性平炉acid open-hearth furnace

  碱性平炉basic open-hearth furnace

  固定式平炉stationary open-hearth furnace

  倾动式平炉tilting open-hearth furnace

  双床平炉twin-hearth furnace

  顶吹氧气平炉open-hearth furnace with roof oxygen lance

  蓄热室regenerator

  沉渣室slag pocket

  电炉炼钢electric steelmaking

  电弧炉electric arc furnace

  超高功率电弧炉ultra-high power electric arc furnace

  直流电弧炉direct current electric arc furnace

  双电极直流电弧炉double electrode direct current arc furnace

  竖窑式电弧炉shaft arc furnace

  电阻炉electric resistance furnace

  工频感应炉line frequency induction furnace

  中频感应炉medium frequency induction furnace

  高频感应炉high frequency induction furnace

  电渣重熔electroslag remelting,ESR

  电渣熔铸electroslag casting,ESC

  电渣浇注Bohler electroslag tapping,BEST

  真空电弧炉重熔vacuum arc remelting,VAR

  真空感应炉熔炼vacuum induction melting,VIM

  电子束炉重熔electron beam remelting,EBR

  等离子炉重炼plasma-arc remelting,PAR

  水冷模电弧熔炼cold-mold arc melting

  等离子感应炉熔炼plasma induction melting,PIM

  等离子连续铸锭plasma progressive casting,PPC

  等离子凝壳铸造plasma skull casting,PSC

  能量优化炼钢炉energy optimizing furnace,EOF

  氧燃喷嘴oxygen-fuel burner

  氧煤助熔accelerated melting by coal-oxygen burner

  氧化期oxidation period

  还原期reduction period

  长弧泡沫渣操作弧长控制 long arc foaming slag operation

  白渣white slag

  电石渣carbide slag

  煤氧喷吹coal-oxygen injection

  炉壁热点hot spots on the furnace wall

  偏弧arc bias

  透气塞porous plug

  出钢到出钢时间tap-to-tap time

  虹吸出钢siphon tapping

  偏心炉底出钢eccentric bottom tapping,EBT

  中心炉底出钢centric bottom tapping,CBT

  侧面炉底出钢side bottom tapping,SBT

  滑动水口出钢slide fate tapping

  5.8 精炼、浇铸及缺陷

  铁水预处理hot metal pretreatment

  机械搅拌铁水脱硫法KR process torpedo desulfurization

  鱼雷车铁水脱磷torpedo dephosphorization

  二次精炼secondary refining

  钢包精炼ladle refining

  合成渣synthetic slag

  微合金化microalloying

  成分微调trimming

  钢洁净度steel cleanness

  钢包炉ladle furnace,LF

  直流钢包炉DC ladle furnace

  真空钢包炉LF-vacuum

  真空脱气vacuum degassing

  真空电弧脱气vacuum arc degassing,VAD

  真空脱气炉vacuum degassing furnace,VDF

  真空精炼vacuum refining

  钢流脱气stream degassing

  提升式真空脱气法 Dortmund Horder vacuum degassing process,DH

  循环式真空脱气法 Ruhstahl-Hausen vacuum degassing process,RH

  真空浇铸vacuum casting

  吹氧RH操作RH-oxygen blowing,RH-OB

  川崎顶吹氧RH操作 RH-Kawasaki top blowing,RH-KTB

  喷粉RH操作RH-poowder blowing,TH-PB

  喷粉法powder injection process

  喷粉精炼injection refining

  蒂森钢包喷粉法Thyssen Niederhein process,TN

  瑞典喷粉法Scandinavian Lancer process,SL

  君津真空喷粉法vacuum Kimitsu injection process

  密封吹氩合金成分调整法composition adjustment by sealed argon

  bubbling,CAS

  吹氧提温CAS法CAS-OB process

  脉冲搅拌法pulsating mixing process,PM

  电弧加热电磁搅拌钢包精炼法ASEA-SKF process

  真空吹氧脱碳法vacuum oxygen decarburization process ,VOD

  氩氧脱碳法argon-oxygen decarburization process,AOD

  蒸汽氧精炼法Creusot-Loire Uddelholm process,CLU

  无渣精炼slag free refining

  摇包法shaking ladle process

  铝弹脱氧法aluminium bullet shooting,ABS

  钢锭ingot

  铸锭ingot casting

  坑铸pit casting

  车铸car casting

  钢锭模ingot mold

  保温帽hot top

  下铸bottom casting

  上铸top casting

  补浇back pour,back feeding

  浇注速度pouring speed

  脱模ingot stripping

  发热渣exoslag

  防再氧化操作reoxidation protection

  连续浇注continuous casting

  连铸机continuous caster,CC,continuous casting machine,CCM

  弧形连铸机bow-type continuous caster

  立弯式连铸机vertical-bending caster

  立式连铸机vertical caster

  水平连铸机horizontal caster

  小方坯连铸机billet caster

  大方坯连铸机bloom caster

  板坯连铸机slab caster

  薄板坯连铸机thin-slab casting

  薄带连铸机strip caster

  近终型浇铸near-net-shape casting

  单辊式连铸机single-roll caster

  单带式连铸机single-belt caster

  双带式连铸机twin-belt caster

  倾斜带式连铸机inclined conveyer type caster

  [连铸]流strand

  铸流间距strand distance

  注流对中控制stream centering control

  钢包回转台ladle turret

  中间包tundish

  回转式中间包swiveling tundish

  倾动式中间包tiltable tundish

  中间包挡墙weir and dam in tundish

  引锭杆dummy bar

  刚性引锭杆rigid dummy bar

  挠性引锭杆flexible dummy bar

  结晶器mold

  直型结晶器straight mold

  弧形结晶器curved mold

  组合式结晶器composite mold

  多级结晶器multi-stage mold

  调宽结晶器adjustable mold

  结晶器振动mold oscillation

  结晶器内钢液顶面meniscus,steel level

  钢液面控制技术steel level control technique

  保护渣casting powder,mold powder

  凝壳shell

  液芯liquid core

  空气隙air gap

  一次冷却区peimary cooling zone

  二次冷却区secondary cooling zone

  极限冷却速度critical cooling rate

  浇铸半径casting radius

  渗漏bleeding

  拉坯速度casting speed

  拉漏breaking out

  振动波纹oscillation mark

  水口堵塞nozzle clogging

  气水喷雾冷却air mist spray cooling

  分离环separating ring

  拉辊withdrawal roll

  立式导辊vertical guide roll

  弯曲辊bending roll

  夹辊pinch roll

  矫直辊straightening roll

  驱动辊driving roll

  导向辊装置roller apron

  切割定尺装置cut-to-length device

  钢流保护浇注shielded casting practice

  多点矫直multipoint straightening

  电磁搅拌electromagnetic stirring,EMS

  浇注周期casting cycle

  多炉连浇sequence casting

  事故溢流槽emergercy launder

  菜花头cauliflower top

  钢锭缩头piped top

  表面缺陷surface defect

  内部缺陷internal defect

  缩孔shrinkage cavity

  中心缩孔center line shrinkage

  气孔blowhole

  表面气孔surface blowhole

  皮下气孔subskin blowhole

  针孔pinhole

  铸疤feather

  冷隔cold shut

  炼钢缺陷lamination

  发裂flake,hair crack

  纵裂longitudinal crack

  横裂transverse crack

  角部横向裂纹transverse corner crack

  角部纵向裂纹longitudinal corner crack

  收缩裂纹shrinkage crack

  热裂hot crack

  冷裂cold crack

  冷脆cold shortness

  热脆hot shortness

  夹渣slag inclusion

  皮下夹杂subsurface inclusion

  正偏析positive segregation

  负偏析negative segregation,inverse seregation

  V形偏析∨-shaped segregation

  倒V形偏析∧-shaped segregation

  中心偏析center segregation

  中心疏松center porosity

  鼓肚bulging

  脱方rhomboidity

  连铸-直接轧制continuous casting-direct rolling

  工艺CC-DR

  6 钢铁材料

  铸铁cast iron

  熟铁wrought iron

  电解铁electrolytic iron

  白口铸铁white cast iron

  灰口铸铁grey cast iron

  麻口铸铁mottled cast iron

  变性铸铁modified cast iron

  孕育铸铁inoculated cast iron

  冷硬铸铁chilled cast iron

  球墨铸铁nodular cast iron

  蠕墨铸铁vermicular cast iron

  可锻铸铁malleable cast iron

  半可锻铸铁semi-malleable cast iron

  奥氏体铸铁austenitic cast iron

  贝氏体铸铁bainitic cast iron

  共晶白口铁eutectic white iron

  亚共晶白口铁hypoeutectic white iron

  过共晶白口铁hypereutectic white iron

  结构钢constructional steel

  软钢mild steel

  普通碳素钢plain carbon steel

  正火钢normalized steel

  热轧钢hot rolled steel

  高强度低合金钢high-strength low-alloy steel

  微合金钢micro-alloy steel

  冷轧钢cold rolled steel

  深冲钢deep drawing steel

  双相钢dual phase steel

  渗碳钢carburizing steel

  渗氮钢nitriding steel

  调质钢quenched and tempered steel

  超高强度钢ultra-high strength steel

  不锈钢stainless steel

  奥氏体不锈钢austenitic stainless steel

  铁素体不锈钢ferritic stainless steel

  马氏体不锈钢martensitic stainless steel

  双相不锈钢duplex stainless steel

  马氏体时效钢maraging steel

  耐蚀钢corrosion-resisting steel

  耐热钢heat-resisting steel

  弹簧钢spring steel

  易切削钢free-machining steel

  耐磨钢abrasion-resistant steel

  工具钢tool steel

  高速钢high-speed steel

  冷作模具钢cold-work die steel

  热作模具钢hot-work die steel

  钢筋钢reinforced bar steel

  钢轨钢rail steel

  轮箍钢type steel

  管线钢pipe line steel

  锅炉钢boiler steel

  电工钢electrical steel

  iron and steel industry   钢铁工业

  ironworks   铁厂

  foundry   铸造车间

  steelworks, steel mill   钢厂

  coking plant   炼焦厂

  electrometallurgy   电冶金学

  powder metallurgy   粉末冶金学

  blast furnace   鼓风炉

  mouth, throat   炉口

  hopper, chute   料斗

  stack   炉身

  belly   炉腰

  bosh   炉腹

  crucible   炉缸

  slag tap   放渣口

  taphole   出铁口,出渣口

  pig bed   铸床

  mould   铸模(美作:mold)

  tuyere, nozzle   风口

  ingot mould   锭模(美作:ingot mold)

  floor   平台

  hearth   炉底

  charger   装料机

  ladle   铁水包,钢水包

  dust catcher   除尘器

  washer   洗涤塔

  converter   转炉

  hoist   卷扬机

  compressor   压缩机

  tilting mixer   可倾式混铁炉

  regenerator   蓄热室

  heat exchanger   热交换器

  gas purifier   煤气净化器

  turbocompressor   涡轮压缩机

  burner   烧嘴

  cupola   化铁炉,冲天炉

  emptier   排空装置

  trough   铁水沟,排渣沟

  skip   料车

  rolling mill   轧机,轧钢机

  blooming mill   初轧机

  roller   辊

  bed   底座

  rolling-mill housing   轧机机架

  drawbench   拔管机,拉丝机

  drawplate   拉模板

  shaft furnace   竖炉

  refining furnace   精炼炉

  reverberatory furnace   反射炉

  hearth furnace   床式反射炉

  firebrick lining   耐火砖衬

  retort   反应罐

  muffle   马弗炉

  roof, arch   炉顶

  forge   锻造

  press   压锻

  pile hammer   打桩锤

  drop hammer   落锤

  die   拉模

  blowlamp   吹炬(美作:blowtorch)

  crusher   破碎机

  iron ore   铁矿石

  coke   焦炭

  bauxite   铁钒土

  alumina   铝

  cryolite   冰晶石

  flux   熔剂

  limestone flux   石灰石溶剂

  haematite   赤铁矿(美作:hematite)

  gangue   脉石

  cast iron   铸铁

  cast iron ingot   铸铁锭

  slag   炉渣

  soft iron   软铁

  pig iron   生铁

  wrought iron   熟铁

  iron ingot   铁锭

  puddled iron   搅炼熟铁

  round iron   圆铁

  scrap iron   废铁

  steel   钢

  crude steel   粗钢

  mild steel, soft steel   软钢,低碳钢

  hard steel   硬钢

  cast steel   坩埚钢,铸钢

  stainless steel   不锈钢

  electric steel   电工钢,电炉钢

  high-speed steel   高速钢

  moulded steel   铸钢

  refractory steel   热强钢,耐热钢

  alloy steel   合金钢

  plate, sheet   薄板

  corrugated iron   瓦垅薄钢板

  tinplate, tin   马口铁

  finished product   成品,产品

  semifinished product   半成品,中间产品

  ferrous products   铁制品

  coiled sheet   带状薄板

  bloom   初轧方坯

  metal strip, metal band   铁带,钢带

  billet   坯锭,钢坯

  shavings   剃边

  profiled bar   异型钢材

  shape, section   型钢

  angle iron   角钢

  frit   烧结

  wire   线材

  ferronickel   镍铁

  elinvar   镍铬恒弹性钢

  ferrite   铁氧体,铁醇盐

  cementite   渗碳体,碳化铁

  pearlite   珠光体

  charging, loading   装料,炉料

  fusion, melting, smelting   熔炼

  remelting   再熔化,重熔

  refining   精炼

  casting   出铁

  to cast   出铁

  tapping   出渣,出钢,出铁

  to insufflate, to inject   注入

  heating   加热

  preheating   预热

  tempering   回火

  temper   回火

  hardening   淬水

  annealing   退火

  reduction   还原

  cooling   冷却

  decarbonization, decarburization   脱碳

  coking   炼焦

  slagging, scorification  造渣

  carburization   渗碳

  case hardening   表面硬化

  cementation   渗碳

  fritting, sintering   烧结

  puddling   搅炼

  pulverization   粉化,雾化

  nitriding   渗氮

  alloy   合金

  floatation, flotation   浮选

  patternmaking   制模

  moulding   成型(美作:molding)

  calcination   煅烧

  amalgamation   汞齐化

  rolling   轧制

  drawing   拉拔

  extrusion   挤压

  wiredrawing   拉丝

  stamping, pressing   冲压

  die casting   拉模铸造

  forging   锻造

  turning   车削

  milling   铣削

  machining, tooling   加工

  autogenous welding, fusion welding   氧炔焊

  arc welding   电弧焊

  electrolysis   电解

  trimming   清理焊缝

  blowhole   气孔

  5.1 炼焦

  炼焦coking

  高温炭化high temperature carbonization

  塑性成焦机理plastic mechanism of coke formation

  中间相成焦机理mesophase mechanism of coke formation

  选煤coal preparation, coal washing

  配煤coal blending

  配煤试验coal blending test

  炼焦煤coking coal

  气煤gas coal

  肥煤fat coal

  瘦煤lean coal

  焦炉coke oven

  焦化室oven chamber

  焦饼coke cake

  结焦时间coking time

  周转时间cycle time

  装煤coal charging

  捣固装煤stamp charging

  推焦coke pushing

  焦炭熄火coke quenching

  干法熄焦dry quenching of coke

  焦台coke wharf

  装煤车larry car

  推焦机pushing machine

  拦焦机coke guide

  熄焦车quenching car

  焦炉焖炉banking for coke oven

  焦炭coke

  冶金焦metallurgical coke

  铸造焦foundry coke

  焦炭工业分析proximate analysis of coke

  焦炭元素分析ultimate analysis of coke

  焦炭落下指数shatter index of coke

  焦炭转鼓指数drum index of coke

  焦炭热强度hot strength of coke

  焦炭反应性coke reactivity

  焦炭反应后强度post-reaction strength of coke

  焦炭显微强度microstrength of coke

  焦炉煤气coke oven gas

  发热值calorific value

  煤焦油coal tar

  粗苯crude benzol

  苯benzene

  甲苯toluene

  二甲苯xylene

  苯并呋喃-茚树脂 coumarone-indene resin

  精萘refined naphthalene

  精蒽refined anthracene

  煤[焦油]沥青 coal tar pitch

  沥青焦pitch coke

  针状焦needle coke

  型焦formcoke

  5.2 耐火材料

  耐火材料refractory materials

  耐火粘土fireclay

  高岭土kaolin

  硬质粘土flint clay

  轻质粘土soft clay

  陶土pot clay

  蒙脱石montmorillonite

  叶蜡石pyrophyllite

  膨润土bentonite

  鳞石英tridymite

  方石英cristobalite

  砂岩sandstone

  耐火石firestone

  莫来石mullite

  氧化铝alumina

  烧结氧化铝sintered alumina

  电熔氧化铝fused alumina

  刚玉corundum

  红柱石andalusite

  蓝晶石kyanite,cyanite

  硅线石sillimanite

  橄榄石olivine

  方镁石periclase

  镁砂magnesia

  合成镁砂synthetic sintered magnesia

  电熔镁砂fused magnesia

  烧结白云石砂sintered dolomite clinker

  合成镁铬砂synthetic magnesia chromite clinker

  尖晶石spinel

  镁铬尖晶石magnesia chrome spinel,magnesiochromite

  硅藻土diatomaceous earth, infusorial earth

  蛭石vermiculite

  珍珠岩perlite

  碳化硅silicon carbide

  氮化硅silicon nitride

  氮化硼boron nitride

  粘土熟料chamotte

  熟料grog

  轻烧light burning,soft burning

  死烧dead burning,hard burning

  成型模注shaping moulding

  机压成型mechanical pressing

  等静压成型isostatic pressing

  摩擦压砖机friction press

  液压压砖机hydraulic press

  捣打成型ramming process

  熔铸成型fusion cast process

  砖坯强度green strength,dry strength

  隧道窑tunnel kiln

  回转窑rotary kiln

  倒焰窑down draught kiln

  耐火砖refractory brick

  标准型耐火砖standard size refractory brick

  泡砂石quartzite sandstone

  酸性耐火材料acid refractory [material]

  硅质耐火材料siliceous refractory [material]

  硅砖silica brick,dinas brick

  熔融石英制品fused quartz product

  硅酸铝质耐火材料aluminosillicate refractory

  半硅砖semisilica brick

  粘土砖fireclay brick,chamotte brick

  石墨粘土砖graphite clay brick

  高铝砖high alumina brick

  硅线石砖sillimanite brick

  莫来石砖mullite brick

  刚玉砖corundum brick

  铝铬砖alumina chrome brick

  熔铸砖fused cast brick

  碱性耐火材料basic refractory [material]

  镁质耐火材料magnesia refractory [material]

  镁砖magnesia brick

  镁铝砖magnesia alumina brick

  镁铬砖magnesia chrome brick

  镁炭砖magnesia carbon brick

  中性耐火材料neutral refractory [material]

  复合砖composite brick

  铝炭砖alumina carbon brick

  铝镁炭转alumina magnesia brick

  锆炭砖zirconia graphite brick

  镁钙炭砖magnesia clacia carbon brick

  长水口long nozzle

  浸入式水口immersion nozzle,submerged nozzle

  定径水口metering nozzle

  氧化铝-碳化硅-炭砖 Al2O3-SiC-C brick

  透气砖gas permeable brick,porous brick

  滑动水口slide gate nozzle

  水口砖nozzle brick

  塞头砖stopper

  绝热耐火材料insulating refractory

  轻质耐火材料light weight refractory

  袖砖sleeve brick

  格子砖checker brick,chequer brick

  陶瓷纤维ceramic fiber

  耐火纤维refractory fiber

  耐火浇注料refractory castable

  耐火混凝土refractory concrete

  荷重耐火性refractoriness under load

  抗渣性slagging resistance

  耐磨损性abrasion resistance

  5.3 碳素材料

  [含]碳[元]素材料 carbon materials

  无定形碳amorphous carbon

  金刚石diamond

  炭相[学]carbon micrography

  炭黑carbon black

  石油沥青petroleum pitch

  石油焦炭petroleum coke

  石墨化graphitization

  石墨化电阻炉electric resistance furnace for graphitization

  石墨纯净化处理purification treatment of graphite

  炭砖carbon brick

  炭块carbon block

  碳化硅基炭块SiC-based carbon block

  炭电极carbon electrode

  连续自焙电极Soderberg electrode

  石墨电极graphite electrode

  超高功率石墨电极ultra-high power graphite electrode

  石墨电极接头graphite electrode nipple

  石墨电极接头孔graphite electrode socket plug

  电极糊electrode paste

  石墨坩埚graphite crucible

  石墨电阻棒graphite rod resistor

  炭刷carbon brush

  高纯石墨high purity graphite

  5.4 铁合金

  铁合金ferroalloy

  硅铁ferrosilicon

  硅钙calcium silicon

  金属硅silicon metal

  锰铁ferromangnanese

  低碳锰铁low carbon ferromanganese

  硅锰silicomanganese

  金属锰manganese metal

  铬铁ferrochromium

  低碳铬铁low carbon ferrochromium

  微碳铬铁extra low carbon ferrochromium

  硅铬silicochromium

  金属铬chromium metal

  钨铁ferrotunsten

  钼铁ferromolybdenum

  钛铁ferrotitanium

  硼铁ferroboron

  铌铁ferroniobium

  磷铁ferrophosphorus

  镍铁ferronickel

  锆铁ferrozirconium

  硅锆silicozirconium

  稀土硅铁rare earth ferrosilicon

  稀土镁硅铁rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium

  成核剂nucleater

  孕育剂incubater,inoculant

  球化剂nodulizer

  蠕化剂vermiculizer

  中间铁合金master alloy

  复合铁合金complex ferroalloy

  电碳热法electro-carbothermic process

  电硅热法electro-silicothermic process

  铝热法aluminothermic process,thermit process

  电铝热法electro-aluminothermic process

  开弧炉open arc furnace

  埋弧炉submerged arc furnace

  半封闭炉semiclosed furnace

  封闭炉closed furnace

  敞口炉open furnace

  精炼炉refiners furnace

  矮烟罩电炉electric furnace with low hood

  矮炉身电炉low-shaft electric furnace

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  • 翻译知识相关问答
    问:如果翻译的稿件只有几百字,如何收费?
    答:对于不足一千字的稿件,目前有两种收费标准: 1)不足一千字按一千字计算。 2)对于身份证、户口本、驾驶证、营业执照、公证材料等特殊稿件按页计费。
    问:请问贵司的笔译范围?
    答:笔译翻译又称人工笔头翻译, 既通过文字形式的翻译转换, 把源语言翻译成目标语言, 是当今全球经济发展, 政治文化交流的主要方式, 笔译通过文字展现方式, 使全世界上千种语言能够互通有无, 每天都有数以亿计的文字被翻译或转译, 笔译肩负着世界各国经济文化发展的重任, 是各国各民族的文化大使, 我们的笔译领域涉及十大类专业领域和五百多种不同的分领域。
    问:是否可以请高校教师、学者或学生翻译?
    答:绝对不能,风险自负。许多公司在寻找译者时,首先想到的是当地学校或大学的外语院系。有时,这种做法对于供内部使用的翻译可能有效,即,您只想了解文件大意,但对于正式的公司宣传材料、手册或者合同文档而言,这样做却风险极大。外语教学需要有特殊的技能,但这些技能却与翻译一篇流利、优美的文章所需的技能完全不同。让学生来做翻译看起来经济实惠,但风险更高,因为他们毫无实战经验,翻译出来的文件基本无法使用。
    问:翻译交稿时间周期为多长?
    答:翻译交稿时间与您的文件大小以及复杂程度有关。每个专业译者的正常翻译速度为3000-4000中文字/天,对于加急的大型项目,我们将安排多名译员进行翻译,由项目经理将文件拆分成若干文件,分配给不同的译员进行翻译,翻译后由项目经理进行文件的合并,并经统一术语、审校、质控、排版等翻译流程,最终交付给客户。
    问:提供一个网站的网址,能够给出翻译报价吗?
    答:对于网站翻译,如果您能提供网站的FTP,或您从后台将整个网站下载打包给我们,我们可在10分钟内给出精确报价。同时,只要您提供原始网页文件,我们会提供给您格式与原网页完全一致的目标语言版本,可以直接上线使用,省却您的改版时间。
    问:为什么标点符号也要算翻译字数?
    答:①根据中华人民共和国国家标准GB/T 19363.1-2003 对翻译行业服务规范的要求,中文字数统计是以不计空格字符数为计算单位的。标点符号算翻译字数是统一的行业标准。 ②标点符号在不同的语种中,有不同的表达方式,例如中文的标点符号大多是全角的,英文的无特殊设置都是半角的,而且如果一句话或一段内容夹杂两种不同的语言,标点符号的规则就相对复杂,对于翻译文件来说,标点符号的部分也是很费时。 ③另外,标点符号在句子中对句子语境等的限制因素,使得标点对句子、对译员翻译判断等起到一定的要求。所以,该部分也要计算在内。 ④可能我们平时不是很注重标点符号,其实在文字表达中,标点符号的重要不亚于单字单词,一个标点符号可以改变全句话的意思,而我们的工作也是做到了这一点,保证每个标点符号的准确,保证译文表达的意思和原文一样。
    问:需要与你们公司什么人接洽翻译业务呢?
    答:我们公司采取专属客服服务模式。为企业客户配备专属客服,一对一沟通具体翻译需求,组建专属译员团队。
    问:为何每家翻译公司的报价不一样?
    答:大家都知道一分价格一分货,在翻译行业里更为突出,译员的水平是划分等级的。新开的翻译公司或不具备翻译资质的公司为了抢占市场,恶意搅乱,以次充好,低价吸引客户。
    问:为什么数字、字母也要算翻译字数?
    答:根据中华人民共和国国家标准GB/T 19363.1-2003 对翻译行业服务规范的要求,中文字数统计是以不计空格字符数为计算单位的。而数字、字母也是包含在其中。而对翻译公司来说,数字和字母也要算翻译字数的原因还包括以下两个方面: 首先,我们的收费都是根据国家颁布的翻译服务规范来收取翻译费用,对待收费我们都是统一对待的,其次,数字和字母也是文章中的一部分,特别是在一些商务文件中,数字就是文件的主题,所以也是一样要收费的。 另外,纯数字字母需要核对、录入,比翻译一个词语更麻烦,翻译是大脑里面概念形成的,而纯数字字母是要严谨的核对、录入才能实现的,这将会花费更多的时间,所以我们会把数字和字母也算成字数。 但是有一种情况除外,如审计报告里面那种数据很多而且又不需要我们翻译可以直接保留的,这部分我们可以不计算在内。
    问:请问贵司每天的翻译量是多少?
    答:我们公司最高翻译记录为一天翻译50万字。原则上我们会在约定的时间内完成,但是时间和质量是成正比的,慢工才能出细活,我们建议在时间允许的情况下,尽量给译员充足的翻译时间,以便交付优质的译文。
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