国际保理业务通用规则（中英文翻译模板）

　　FCI GENERAL RULES FOR INTERNATIONAL FACTORING

　　国际保理业务通用规则

　　国际保理商联合会 ( Factors Chain International )

　　Printed June 2010 2010年6月修订版

　　目录 CONTENTS

　　SECTION I General provisions 第一节 总则

　　Article 1 Factoring contracts and receivables第一条 保理协议与应收账款

　　Article 2 Parties taking part in two-factor international factoring

　　第二条 参与国际双保理业务的当事方

　　Article 3 Receivables included 第三条 所涵盖的账款

　　Article 4 Common language 第四条 通用语言

　　Article 5 Time limits 第五条 期限

　　Article 6 Writing 第六条 书面信息

　　Article 7 Deviating agreements 第七条 与本规则有所抵触的协议

　　Article 8 Numbering system 第八条 代码系统

　　Article 9 Commission / Remuneration第九条 佣金/酬金

　　Article 10 Settlement of disagreements between Export Factor and Import Factor

　　第十条 出口保理商与进口保理商间纠纷的解决

　　Article 11 Good faith and mutual assistance 第十一条 善意与互助的原则

　　SECTION II Assignment of receivables Article 12 Assignment

　　第二节 应收账款的转让 第十二条 转让

　　Article 13 Validity of assignment 第十三条 转让的有效性

　　Article 14 Documentation relating to receivables第十四条 与账款有关的单证

　　Article 15 Reassignment of receivables第十五条 应收账款的反转让

　　SECTION III Credit Risk Article 16 Definition of credit risk

　　第三节 信用风险 第十六条 信用风险的定义

　　Article 17 Approvals and requests for approvals 第十七条 核准与申请核准

　　Article 18 Reduction or cancellation第十八条 缩减或撤销

　　Article 19 Obligation of Export Factor to assign第十九条 出口保理商转让的义务

　　SECTION IV Collection of receivables Article 20 Rights of the Import Factor

　　第四节 账款的催收 第二十条 进口保理商的权利

　　Article 21 Collection第二十一条 催收

　　Article 22 Unapproved receivables 第二十二条 未核准应收账款

　　SECTION V Transfer of funds Article 23 Transfer of payments

　　第五节 资金的划拨 第二十三条 付款的划拨

　　Article 24 Payment under guarantee第二十四条 担保付款

　　Article 25 Prohibitions against assignments 第二十五条 禁止转让

　　Article 26 Late payments第二十六条 迟付

　　SECTION VI Disputes Article 27 Disputes第六节 争议 第二十七条 争议

　　SECTION VII Representations, warranties and undertakings

　　Article 28 Representations, warranties and undertakings

　　第七节 陈述，保证与承诺 第二十八条 陈述，保证与承诺

　　SECTION VIII Miscellaneous Article 29 Communication and electronic data interchange (EDI)

　　第八节 杂项 第二十九条 通讯与电子数据交换

　　Article 30 Accounts and reports 第三十条 帐务与报告

　　Article 31 Indemnification第三十一条 补偿

　　Article 32 Breaches of provisions of these Rules 第三十二条 对规则的违犯

　　SECTION I General provisions 第一节 总则

　　Article 1 Factoring contracts and receivables第一条 保理协议与应收账款

　　A factoring contract means a contract pursuant to which a supplier may or will assign accounts receivable (referred to in these Rules as receivables which expression, where the context allows, also includes parts of receivables) to a factor, whether or not for the purpose of finance, for at least one of the following functions:

　　- Receivables ledgering

　　- Collection of receivables

　　- Protection against bad debts

　　保理协议意指供应商与保理商间存在的一种契约关系，根据该契约，供应商将可能或将要的应收账款(本规则中亦称为账款，该词视上下文不同，有时亦指应收账款的部分)转让给保理商，其目的可能为获取融资，或为获得保理商提供的下述服务中的至少一种：

　　 分户帐管理

　　 账款催收

　　 坏帐担保

　　Article 2 Parties taking part in two-factor international factoring

　　第二条 参与国际双保理业务的当事方

　　The parties taking part in two-factor international factoring transactions are:

　　(i) the supplier (also commonly referred to as client or seller),the party who invoices for the supply of goods or the rendering of services;

　　(ii) the debtor (also commonly referred to as buyer or customer), the party who is liable for payment of the receivables from the supply of goods or rendering of services;

　　(iii) The Export Factor,

　　the party to which the supplier assigns his receivables in accordance with the factoring contract;

　　(iv) the Import Factor, the party to which the receivables are assigned by the Export Factor in accordance with these Rules.

　　参与国际双保理业务的当事方为：

　　(i) 供应商(通常亦称客户或供应商)：对所供应的货物或所提供的服务出具发票的一方;(ii)债务人(通常亦称买方或顾客)：对由所供应的货物或所提供的服务而产生的应收账款负有付款责任的一方;

　　(iii)出口保理商：根据保理协议接受供应商转让账款的一方;

　　(iv)进口保理商：根据本规则接受出口保理商转让账款的一方。

　　Article 3 Receivables included第三条 所涵盖的账款

　　These Rules shall cover only receivables arising from sales on credit terms of goods and/or services provided by any supplier who has an agreement with an Export Factor to or for debtors located in any country in which an Import Factor provides factoring services. Excluded are sales based on letters of credit (other than standby letters of credit), or cash against documents or any kind of sales for cash.

　　本规则所涵盖的账款应限于与出口保理商签有协议的供应商以信用方式向债务人销售货物或提供服务所产生的应收账款。该债务人所在国应有进口保理商提供保理服务。以信用证(不包括备用信用证)、凭单即付或任何种类的现金交易为基础的销售除外。

　　Article 4 Common language第四条 通用语言

　　The language for communication between Import Factor and Export Factor is English. When information in another language is provided an English translation must be attached.

　　进口保理商与出口保理商间联络的通用语言为英语。如以其他语言提供信息，则必须附加英语翻译。

　　Article 5 Time limits第五条 期限

　　Except as otherwise specified the time limits set forth in these Rules shall be understood as calendar days. Where a time limit expires on a non-working day or any declared public holiday of the Export Factor or the Import Factor, the period of time in question is extended until the first following working day of the factor concerned.

　　除非另有说明，本规则所表述的期限应理解为公历日。当期限于出口保理商或进口保理商的非工作日或任何公布的公共假日到期时，该期限应顺延至有关保理商的下一个工作日。

　　Article 6 Writing第六条 书面信息

　　Writing means any method by which a communication may be recorded in a permanent form so that it may be re-produced and used at any time after its creation. Where a writing is to be signed, that requirement is met if, by agreement between the parties to the writing, the writing identifies the originator of the writing and indicates his approval of the communication contained in the writing.

　　(N.B.: Article 6 amended June 2006)

　　书面信息意味着任何可永久记录一次信息交流的方式，该信息交流在出现后可被复制，并在任何时间被引述。如书面信息需要签字，则只要通过成员们认可的方式，书面信息验证了信息发出者的身份，并表明了签字人对其中内容的认可，就可认定已满足了签字要求。

　　Article 7 Deviating agreements第七条 与本规则有所抵触的协议

　　An agreement in writing made between an Export Factor and an Import Factor (and signed by both of them), which conflicts with, differs from or extends beyond the terms of these Rules, shall take precedence over and supersede any other or contrary condition, stipulation or provision in these Rules relating to the subject matter of that agreement but in all other respects shall be subject to and dealt with as part of these Rules.

　　(N.B.: Article 7 amended June 2004.)

　　当出口保理商与进口保理商之间的书面协议(并已由双方签署)在某方面与本规则的条款发生抵触、不符合或超出本规则条款的范围时，该协议将在该方面优先于并取代本规则中相关的任何不同或相反的条件、条款或规定，但在其它所有方面，该协议仍应从属于本规则并视为本规则的组成部分。

　　Article 8 Numbering system第八条 代码系统

　　In order to identify exactly all suppliers, debtors, Import Factors and Export Factors, an appropriate numbering system must be agreed upon between Export Factor and Import Factor.

　　为准确识别所有的供应商、债务人、进口保理商及出口保理商，在出口保理商与进口保理商之间必须建立一套适当的代码系统。

　　Article 9 Commission / Remuneration第九条 佣金/酬金

　　(i) The Import Factor shall be entitled to commissions and/or charges for his services on the basis of the structure and terms of payment as promulgated by the FCI Council from time to time.

　　(ii) The agreed commissions and/or charges must be paid in accordance with those terms of payment in the agreed currencies. A party delaying payment shall incur interest and the equivalent of any exchange losses resulting from the delay in accordance with Article 26.

　　(iii) In case of a reassignment of a receivable the Import Factor has nevertheless the right to the commission or charges.

　　(i)以有关管辖机构经常公布的费率结构及收费条件为基础，进口保理商有权就其服务收取佣金和/或费用。

　　(ii)这些佣金和/或费用必须根据付款条件以事先商定的货币支付。根据第二十六条的规定，迟付一方必须负担因迟付而产生的利息及汇价损失。

　　(iii)即使应收账款被反转让，进口保理商仍有权收取佣金或费用。

　　Article 10 Settlement of disagreements between Export Factor and Import Factor

　　第十条 出口保理商与进口保理商间纠纷的解决

　　(i) All disagreements arising between an Export Factor and an Import Factor in connection with any international factoring transactions shall be settled under the Rules of Arbitration provided that both are members of FCI at the time of the inception of the transaction.

　　(ii) Furthermore any such disagreement may be so settled if only one of the parties is a member of FCI at the time of request for arbitration provided that the other party accepts or has accepted such arbitration.

　　(iii) The award shall be final and binding.

　　(i)出口保理商与进口保理商之间产生的与国际保理业务有关的一切争议均应按照《国际保理商联合会仲裁规则》进行解决，只要在相关交易开始时双方均为国际保理商联合会的成员。

　　(ii)如果在提出仲裁申请时仅有一方为国际保理商联合会成员，但另一方同意时，双方之间的争议也可如此解决。

　　(iii)该仲裁结果应是终局性的并具有约束力。

　　Article 11 Good faith and mutual assistance 第十一条 善意与互助的原则

　　Under these Rules all duties shall be performed and all rights exercised in good faith. Each of the Export Factor and Import Factor shall act in every way to help the other’s interest and each of them undertakes to the best of his ability to assist the other at all times in obtaining any document that may assist the other to carry out his duties and/or to protect his interests. Each of the Import Factor and the Export Factor undertakes that each will inform the other immediately of any fact or matter which comes to his attention and which may adversely affect the collection of any receivable or the creditworthiness of any debtor.

　　本规则中所有的权利和义务均应本着善意的原则得以行使及履行。出口保理商及进口保理商将采取一切方式保障对方的权益，并尽各自所能在任何时间协助对方获取任何有助于其履行义务及/或保护自身利益的文件。出口保理商及进口保理商承诺将立即通知对方自己所注意到的可能对账款催收及债务人资信产生负面影响的任何事实或情况。

　　SECTION II Assignment of receivables Article 12 Assignment

　　第二节 应收账款的转让 第十二条 转让

　　(i) The assignment of a receivable implies and constitutes the transfer of all rights and interest in and title to such receivable by any means. For the purpose of this definition the granting of a security right over a receivable is deemed to be its transfer

　　(ii) By reason of the assignment to the Import Factor of full ownership of each receivable, the Import Factor shall have the right of bringing suit and otherwise enforcing collection either in his own name or jointly with that of the Export Factor and/or that of the supplier and the right to endorse debtor’s remittances for the collection in the Export Factor’s name or in the name of such supplier and the Import Factor shall have the benefit of all rights of lien, stoppage in transit and all other rights of the unpaid supplier to goods which may be rejected or returned by debtors.

　　(iii) All assignments of receivables must be in writing.

　　(N.B.: New Paragraph (ii) added, previous (ii) becomes (iii) June 2009.)

　　(i)账款的转让意味着并构成通过各种方式的对与账款相关的所有权利、权益及所有权的让度。根据本定义，以账款作为抵押亦被视作账款的转让。

　　(ii)所有的账款转让必须通过书面形式。

　　Article 13 Validity of assignment 第十三条 转让的有效性

　　(i) The Import Factor is obliged, as regards the law of the debtor’s country, to inform the Export Factor of:

　　(a) the wording and formalities of the notice of assignment; and

　　(b) any elements in an assignment that are necessary to safeguard the Export Factor against claims of third parties.

　　The Import Factor warrants the effectiveness of his advice.

　　(ii) The Export Factor, whilst relying on the Import Factor’s advice under paragraph (i) of this Article as regards the law of the debtor’s country, shall be responsible for the effectiveness of the assignment to him by the supplier and of his assignment to the Import Factor including their effectiveness against the claims of third parties and in the insolvency of the supplier.

　　(iii) If the Export Factor requests a particular assignment, enforceable against third parties, the Import Factor is obliged to act accordingly as far as he is able to do so in accordance with the applicable law, at the expense of the Export Factor.

　　(iv) Whenever the assignment of a receivable needs special documentation or a confirmation in writing in order to be valid and enforceable, at the request of the Import Factor the Export Factor must provide such documentation and/or confirmation in the prescribed way.

　　(v) If the Export Factor shall fail to provide such documentation or confirmation in relation to that receivable within 30 days of the receipt of the Import Factor’s request, then the Import Factor may reassign such receivable.

　　(N.B.: Paragraphs (i) and (ii) amended June 2004.)

　　(i)进口保理商有义务根据债务人所在国法律的要求向出口保理商说明：

　　a) 转让通知的措辞及形式;及

　　b)任何在转让中为保护出口保理商免受第三方索偿而必有的因素。进口保理商保证其说明的有效性。

　　(ii)在根据本条(i)款依赖进口保理商有关债务人所在国法律规定的说明的同时，出口保理商将保证供应商对其转让及其对进口保理商的转让是有效的，该转让不受第三方索偿的影响，在供应商破产时依然有效。

　　(iii)如果出口保理商要求一特殊转让可针对第三方实施，进口保理商有责任在适用法律许可的范围内遵照执行，费用由出口保理商负担。

　　(iv)如转让需特殊文件或书面确认方能生效和实施，则出口保理商应进口保理商请求，必须提供有关文件及/或以指定形式确认。

　　(v)如出口保理商在收到进口保理商请求后30日内未向进口保理商提供有关文件或进行确认，则进口保理商有权反转让有关账款。

　　Article 14 Documentation relating to receivables第十四条 与应收账款有关的单证

　　(i) The Import Factor must receive details of invoices and credit notes relating to any receivable assigned to him without undue delay and in the case of invoices in any event before the due date ofthe receivable. For the purpose of the GRIF, the due date of any receivable shall mean the date specified for payment of the receivable as stated in the contract of sale, provided, however, that if such contract specifies payments in instalments then, unless otherwise dictated by the contract, each instalment shall be treated as having a separate due date.

　　(ii) The Import Factor may require that the original documents evidencing title, including the negotiable shipping documents and/or insurance certificate, are forwarded through him.

　　(iii) At the request of the Import Factor and if then needed for the collection of a receivable the Export Factor must promptly provide any or all of the following as proof and in any event within the following time periods:

　　(a) 10 days from the receipt of the request, an exact copy of the invoice issued to the debtor;

　　(b) 30 days from the receipt of that request:

　　(1) evidence of shipment;

　　(2) evidence of fulfilment of the contract of sale and/or services where applicable;

　　(3) any other documents which have been requested before shipment.

　　(iv) If the Export Factor:

　　(a) does not provide the documents referred to in Article 14 (iii); or

　　(b) fails to provide a reason for that delay and a request for further time, both acceptable to the Import Factor;

　　within the prescribed time limits, then the Import Factor shall be entitled to reassign the relevant receivable.

　　(v) The time limit for the Import Factor to be entitled to request these documents from the Export Factor shall be 270 days after due date of the receivable.

　　(N.B.: Paragraph (iv) added June 2004 - previous (iv) moved to Paragraph (v); Paragraph (i) amended June 2005, June 2006 and June 2010.)

　　(i)进口保理商应毫无延误地收到与转让给他的任何账款有关的发票及贷项清单细节，最迟不得超过账款到期日。

　　(ii)进口保理商可以要求由他转递包括可转让运输单据及/或保险单在内的证明所有权的正本单据。

　　(iii)在进口保理商的要求下，如确属账款催收所需，出口保理商必须立即(最迟不得超过下述规定期限)提供下述任何一种或全部单据：

　　a)在收到请求后10天内，向债务人签发的发票副本;

　　b)在收到请求后30天内：

　　1)装船证明;

　　2)履行销售合同及/或服务合同的证明(如有);

　　3)任何其他装船前要求提供的单据。

　　(iv)如出口保理商在规定的时间内未能

　　a)提供本条(iii)所述的单据;或

　　b)说明延迟提供单据的原因及提出延期提供的要求，且该说明和要求为进口保理商所接受;则进口保理商有权反转让相关账款。

　　(v)进口保理商要求出口保理商提供上述单据的有效期限为账款到期日后270天内。

　　Article 15 Reassignment of receivables第十五条 应收账款的反转让

　　(i) Any reassignment of a receivable under Article 13 (v) or Article 14 (iv) must be made by the Import Factor no later than the 60th day after his first request for the relevant documents, or, if later, the 30th day after the end of any extended time granted by the Import Factor under Article 14 (iv).

　　(ii) In the event of any reassignment of a receivable permitted to the Import Factor under this article or under paragraph (vii) of Article 27, except as provided in paragraph (iv) of this Article, the Import Factor shall be relieved of all obligations in respect of the reassigned receivable and may recover from the Export Factor any amount paid by the Import Factor in respect of it.

　　(iii) Every such reassignment must be in writing.

　　(iv) If any payment shall be received by the Import Factor from the debtor in respect of any receivable so reassigned before notice of that reassignment shall have been received by the debtor then the Import Factor shall hold that payment for the benefit of, and remit it to, the Export Factor promptly.

　　(N.B.: Paragraph (i) amended June 2004 and again September 2008. In June 2010 Paragraph (ii) amended and Paragraph (iv) added)

　　(i)进口保理商根据第十三条(v)或第十四条(iv)反转让账款必须在其首次要求提供相关单据后的60天内或其同意延展的期限到期日之前作出。

　　(ii)如进口保理商根据本规则反转让有关账款，则其对反转让账款的所有义务被一并解除，并可从出口保理商处索回原先已就该账款支付的款项。

　　(iii)上述每一次反转让必须通过书面形式。

　　SECTION III Credit Risk Article 16 Definition of credit risk

　　第三节 信用风险 第十六条 信用风险的定义

　　(i) The credit risk is the risk that the debtor will fail to pay a receivable in full within 90 days of its due date otherwise than by reason of a dispute.

　　(ii) The assumption by the Import Factor of the credit risk on receivables assigned to him is conditional upon his written approval covering such receivables.

　　(i)信用风险意指债务人出于争议以外的原因在账款到期日后90天内未能全额付款的风险。

　　(ii)进口保理商对受让账款承担信用风险是以其书面核准该账款为前提条件的。

　　Article 17 Approvals and requests for approvals 第十七条 核准与申请核准

　　(i) Requests of the Export Factor to the Import Factor for the assumption of the credit risk, which may be for the approval of individual orders or of credit lines,must be in writing and must contain all the necessary information to enable the Import Factor to appraise the credit risk and the normal payments terms.

　　(ii) If the Import Factor cannot confirm the exact identification of the debtor as submitted to him he may amend these details in his reply. Any approval shall apply only to the exact identity of the debtor given by the Import Factor in that approval

　　(iii) The Import Factor must, without delay and, in any event, not later than 10 days from receipt of the request, advise the Export Factor of his decision in writing. If, within the said period, the Import Factor cannot make a decision he must, at the earliest, and before the expiry of the period so advise the Export Factor.

　　(iv) The approval shall apply up to the amount approved to the following receivables owed by the debtor:

　　(a) those on the Import Factor’s records on the date of approval;(b) those arising from shipments made up to 30 days before the date of request for approval; and shall be conditional in each case, upon the receipt by the Import Factor of the invoice details and the documents as stipulated in Article 14.

　　(v) (a) Approval in full or in part of an individual order binds the Import Factor to assume the approved credit risk provided that the shipment of the goods is made not later than the dateof shipment, if any, stated in the request for the assumption of credit risk or any earlier expiry date indicated by the Import Factor in the approval.

　　(b) The approval of a credit line binds the Import Factor to assume credit risk on those receivables up to the approved amount for shipments made before cancellation or expiry date of the line.

　　(c) The word goods includes services and the expression shipments made includes services performed.

　　(d) Shipment in relation to goods occurs when they are placed in transit to or to the order of the debtor whether by common carrier or the debtor’s or supplier’s own transport and in relation to services when they are completed.

　　(vi) A credit line is a revolving approval of receivables on a debtor’s account with one supplier up to the amount of the credit line. Revolving means that, while the credit line remains in force, receivables in excess of the line will succeed amounts within the line which are paid by the debtor or the Import Factor or credited to the debtor. The succession of such receivables shall take place in the order in which they are due for payment and shall be limited at any time to the amount then so paid or credited. Where 2 or more receivables are due for payment on the same date then their succession shall take place in accordance with the order of their respective invoice numbers.

　　(vii) All approvals are given on the basisthat each account receivable is in conformity with the terms of payment (with a permissible occasional variation of 100% or 45 days whichever period is shorter) contained in the pertinent information upon which such approval was granted. However, no such variation, which extends the credit beyond any credit period specified as a maximum by the Import Factor in the approval, shall be permitted.

　　(viii) The approval shall be given in the same currency as the request. However, the credit line covers receivables represented by invoices expressed not only in that currency, but also in other currencies; but in all cases the risk to the Import Factor shall not at any time exceed the amount of the original approval.

　　(ix) There shall be only one credit line for each supplier on each debtor and any new credit line shall cancel and replace all previous credit lines for the same supplier on the same debtor in whatever currency denominated.

　　(x) If it is known to the Import Factor that it is the practice of the debtor to prohibit assignments of receivables owing by him then the Import Factor shall so inform the Export Factor in giving his approval or as soon as it is known to the Import Factor if later.

　　(N.B. Paragraphs (iv) (v) and vi) amended October 2007. Paragraphs (i), (v), and (vii) amended September 2008. Paragraph (v) amended June 2009 and again June 2010.)

　　(i)出口保理商请求进口保理商承担信用风险的申请必须是书面的，并包含所有进口保理商评估信用风险所需的必要信息以及正常的付款条件信息。

　　(ii)如进口保理商对申请涉及的债务人的确切身份无法确认，他可以在回复中更改有关债务人细节。任何核准只对进口保理商核准时认定的债务人有效。

　　(iii)进口保理商必须毫无延误且最迟不超过收到申请后10天内书面通知出口保理商其决定。如果在10天之内无法作出决定，则进口保理商必须尽可能早地(最迟在10天结束前)如此通知出口保理商。

　　(iv)核准对债务人所欠的下述账款有效(以不超过核准金额为限)：

　　a)在核准之日进口保理商已记录在案的账款;

　　b)自提出申请之日前30天内的发货或提供的服务而产生的账款;并以进口保理商根据第十四条规定收到所需的发票细节及单据为前提条件。

　　(v)进口保理商核准信用额度，意味着其必须承担额度取消或失效前供应商发货所产生账款的受核准金额部分的信用风险。

　　发货指货物由专业承运人或债务人或供应商自己的运输工具运往债务人或其指定人。

　　(vi)信用额度意味着对某一供应商对某一债务人的账款的循环核准(以不超过额度最高金额为限)。循环意味着，在信用额度保持有效期间，超出限额的应收账款(或其部分)将补足限额内已被债务人或进口保理商偿还的或贷记债务人帐的金额。这些应收账款(或其部分)的替补将按它们付款到期日的顺序进行并始终仅限于当时已偿还或已贷记的金额。

　　(vii)所有的核准都以应收账款的付款条件与凭以核准应收账款的相关信息中所述的付款条件一致为基础(允许不超过100%或45天的偶尔变更，以期限短者为准)。

　　(viii)核准币种应与申请币种一致。然而，信用额度不仅对以核准币种记价的发票有效，同样也对以其他币种记价的发票有效;但无论如何，进口保理商承担的风险将不超过最初核准时的金额。

　　(ix)同一供应商对任何一个债务人只有一个信用额度。任何新的信用额度，无论以何币种表达，将撤销及替代同一供应商对同一债务人以前的所有信用额度。

　　(x)如进口保理商得知债务人对自己所欠的账款惯常禁止转让，则其在核准时应将此告知出口保理商。如进口保理商后来得知该情况，亦应立即告知出口保理商。