美国统一商法典翻译模板（中英文 第4A-404至6-102款）

　　§ 4A-404. OBLIGATION OF BENEFICIARY'S BANK TO PAY AND GIVE NOTICE TO BENEFICIARY. 受益人的银行付款和通知受益人的义务.

　　(a) Subject to Sections 4A-211(e), 4A-405(d), and 4A-405(e), if a beneficiary's bank accepts a payment order, the bank is obliged to pay the amount of the order to the beneficiary of the order. Payment is due on the payment date of the order, but if acceptance occurs on the payment date after the close of the funds-transfer business day of the bank, payment is due on the next funds-transfer business day. If the bank refuses to pay after demand by the beneficiary and receipt of notice of particular circumstances that will give rise to consequential damages as a result of nonpayment, the beneficiary may recover damages resulting from the refusal to pay to the extent the bank had notice of the damages, unless the bank proves that it did not pay because of a reasonable doubt concerning the right of the beneficiary to payment.

　　(a) 受4a-211(e)、4a-405(d)及4a-405(e)影响，若受益人的银行接受托付单，该银行应当支付指令的金额给指令的受益人。付款在该指令的付款之日到期，但是，若在该银行的资金转移营业日结 束之后的付款之日发生承兑，付款在下一个资金转移营业日到期。在受益人要求之后，并且接到关于不付款将引起间接损害的特定情形的通知之后，若该银行拒绝付 款，在该银行接到损害通知的范围内，受益人可以主张由于该拒绝所导致的损害赔偿，除非该银行证明其不付款由于其对受益人对付款的权利产生合理的怀疑。

　　(b) If a payment order accepted by the beneficiary's bank instructs payment to an account of the beneficiary, the bank is obliged to notify the beneficiary of receipt of the order before midnight of the next funds-transfer business day following the payment date. If the payment order does not instruct payment to an account of the beneficiary, the bank is required to notify the beneficiary only if notice is required by the order. Notice may be given by first class mail or any other means reasonable in the circumstances. If the bank fails to give the required notice, the bank is obliged to pay interest to the beneficiary on the amount of the payment order from the day notice should have been given until the day the beneficiary learned of receipt of the payment order by the bank. No other damages are recoverable. Reasonable attorney's fees are also recoverable if demand for interest is made and refused before an action is brought on the claim.

　　(b) 若受益人的银行接受的托付单指示付款到受益人的帐户，该银行应当在付款之日的下一个资金转移营业日的 午夜之前，通知受益人收到该指示。若托付单不指示付款到受益人的帐户，该银行仅在该指令要求通知时被要求通知受益人。通知可以通过快捷邮件或在当时环境下 合理的任何其他方式送达。若该银行未能按要求发送通知，该银行应当支付托付单的金额从通知应当作出之日到受益人知道该银行收到托付单之日的利息给受益人。 此外无其他损害赔偿可主张。合理的律师费也可主张，若关于该利息的要求被提出并且在关于该权利的诉讼被提起之前被拒绝。

　　(c) The right of a beneficiary to receive payment and damages as stated in subsection (a) may not be varied by agreement or a funds-transfer system rule. The right of a beneficiary to be notified as stated in subsection (b) may be varied by agreement of the beneficiary or by a funds-transfer system rule if the beneficiary is notified of the rule before initiation of the funds transfer.

　　(c) 受益人收取(a)款规定的付款和损害赔偿的权利不不得协议变更或者通过资金转移系统规则变更。受益人按照 (b)款规定受通报的权利不得通过受益人的协议变更或通过资金转移系统规则变更，若受益人在资金转移开始前被通知该规则。

　　§ 4A-405. PAYMENT BY BENEFICIARY'S BANK TO BENEFICIARY.

　　受益人的银行对受益人付款.

　　(a) If the beneficiary's bank credits an account of the beneficiary of a payment order, payment of the bank's obligation under Section 4A-404(a) occurs when and to the extent (i) the beneficiary is notified of the right to withdraw the credit, (ii) the bank lawfully applies the credit to a debt of the beneficiary, or (iii) funds with respect to the order are otherwise made available to the beneficiary by the bank.

　　(b) If the beneficiary's bank does not credit an account of the beneficiary of a payment order, the time when payment of the bank's obligation under Section 4A-404(a) occurs is governed by principles of law that determine when an obligation is satisfied.

　　(c) Except as stated in subsections (d) and (e), if the beneficiary's bank pays the beneficiary of a payment order under a condition to payment or agreement of the beneficiary giving the bank the right to recover payment from the beneficiary if the bank does not receive payment of the order, the condition to payment or agreement is not enforceable.

　　(a) 若受益人的银行对托付单的受益人的帐户记入贷方，该银行在§4a-404(a) 的付款义务发生于下述时间和下述范围(i)受益人得到收回该存款的权利的通知，(ii) 该银行合法地适用该贷方到受益人的债务上，或(iii) 该银行使得受益人可获得关于该指令的资金。

　　(b) 若受益人的银行不对托付单的受益人的帐户记入贷方，该银行在§4a-404(a)下的付款义务发生的时间由决定债务清偿时间的法律的原则调整。

　　(c) 除 (d)、(e)款规定外，若受益人的银行向托付单的受益人付款以给予该银行向受益人追回付款的权利的受益人的付款或同意为条件，若该银行不收取该指令的付款，付款或同意的条件不可强制执行。

　　(d) A funds-transfer system rule may provide that payments made to beneficiaries of funds transfers made through the system are provisional until receipt of payment by the beneficiary's bank of the payment order it accepted. A beneficiary's bank that makes a payment that is provisional under the rule is entitled to refund from the beneficiary if (i) the rule requires that both the beneficiary and the originator be given notice of the provisional nature of the payment before the funds transfer is initiated, (ii) the beneficiary, the beneficiary's bank and the originator's bank agreed to be bound by the rule, and (iii) the beneficiary's bank did not receive payment of the payment order that it accepted. If the beneficiary is obliged to refund payment to the beneficiary's bank, acceptance of the payment order by the beneficiary's bank is nullified and no payment by the originator of the funds transfer to the beneficiary occurs under Section 4A-406.

　　(d) 资金转移系统规则可以规定，对通过该系统作出的资金转移的受益人作出的付款是临时的，直到其接受的托付单的受益人的银行收到付款。在本规则下作出临时付款的受益人的银行有权向受益人主张退款，若(i) 该规则要求在资金转移开始之前，受益人和创立者都被通知该付款的临时性质，(ii)受益人、受益人的银行及创立者的银行同意受该规则约束，并且 (iii)受益人的银行未收到其接受的托付单的付款。若受益人应当退还付款给受益人的银行，受益人的银行对托付单的接受无效，并且，没有资金转移的创立者对受益人付款发生在 §4a-406下。

　　(e) This subsection applies to a funds transfer that includes a payment order transmitted over a funds-transfer system that (i) nets obligations multilaterally among participants, and (ii) has in effect a loss-sharing agreement among participants for the purpose of providing funds necessary to complete settlement of the obligations of one or more participants that do not meet their settlement obligations. If the beneficiary's bank in the funds transfer accepts a payment order and the system fails to complete settlement pursuant to its rules with respect to any payment order in the funds transfer, (i) the acceptance by the beneficiary's bank is nullified and no person has any right or obligation based on the acceptance, (ii) the beneficiary's bank is entitled to recover payment from the beneficiary, (iii) no payment by the originator to the beneficiary occurs under Section 4A-406, and (iv) subject to Section 4A-402(e), each sender in the funds transfer is excused from its obligation to pay its payment order under Section 4A-402(c) because the funds transfer has not been completed.

　　(e) 本款适用于资金转移，包括在资金转移系统上传输的托付单，(i) 得到多方参与者之间的义务，及(ii) 在参与者之间具有有效的损失分担协议，该协议是为完成不符合其结算的一个或者更多的参与者的义务的结算提供必要的资金的目的。若在资金转移中的受益人的银行接受托付单，并且该系统未能依照其关于在资金转移中的任何托付单的规则完成结算，(i)受益人的银行的接受无效，并且任何人不因该接受享有任何权利或承担任何义务，(ii)受益人的银行有权向受益人追回付款，(iii) 在§4a-406下，创立者对受益人的付款不发生，及 (iv) 受§4a-402(e)影响，在资金转移中的每个发送人免除其对其在§4a-402(c)下的托付单付款的义务，因为该资金转移未被完成。

　　§ 4A-406. PAYMENT BY ORIGINATOR TO BENEFICIARY; DISCHARGE OF UNDERLYING OBLIGATION.

　　创立者对受益人付款; 根本义务的解除.

　　(a) Subject to Sections 4A-211(e), 4A-405(d), and 4A-405(e), the originator of a funds transfer pays the beneficiary of the originator's payment order (i) at the time a payment order for the benefit of the beneficiary is accepted by the beneficiary's bank in the funds transfer and (ii) in an amount equal to the amount of the order accepted by the beneficiary's bank, but not more than the amount of the originator's order.

　　(b) If payment under subsection (a) is made to satisfy an obligation, the obligation is discharged to the same extent discharge would result from payment to the beneficiary of the same amount in money, unless (i) the payment under subsection (a) was made by a means prohibited by the contract of the beneficiary with respect to the obligation, (ii) the beneficiary, within a reasonable time after receiving notice of receipt of the order by the beneficiary's bank, notified the originator of the beneficiary's refusal of the payment, (iii) funds with respect to the order were not withdrawn by the beneficiary or applied to a debt of the beneficiary, and (iv) the beneficiary would suffer a loss that could reasonably have been avoided if payment had been made by a means complying with the contract. If payment by the originator does not result in discharge under this section, the originator is subrogated to the rights of the beneficiary to receive payment from the beneficiary's bank under Section 4A-404(a).

　　(c) For the purpose of determining whether discharge of an obligation occurs under subsection (b), if the beneficiary's bank accepts a payment order in an amount equal to the amount of the originator's payment order less charges of one or more receiving banks in the funds transfer, payment to the beneficiary is deemed to be in the amount of the originator's order unless upon demand by the beneficiary the originator does not pay the beneficiary the amount of the deducted charges.

　　(d) Rights of the originator or of the beneficiary of a funds transfer under this section may be varied only by agreement of the originator and the beneficiary.

　　(a) 受4a-211(e)、4a-405(d)及4a-405(e)影响，资金转移的创立者支付创立者的托付单的受益人 (i)在为受益人的利益的托付单被资金转移中的受益人的银行接受时，及 (ii)其金额等于受益人的银行接受的指令的金额，但不超过创立者的指令的金额。

　　(b) 若在(a)款下的付款被作出以履行义务，该义务在向受益人支付相同金额的金钱将产生的解除相同的范围内解除，除非 (i) 在 (a)款下的付款以受益人关于该债务的合同禁止的方式作出，(ii)在收到受益人的银行收到该指令的通知之后在合理的时间内，受益人通知创立者关于受益人对付款的拒绝，(iii) 关于该指令的资金不被提取由受益人或应用到受益人的债务中，及(iv)受益人将会遭受一项损失，而若付款已经通过符合该合同的方式作出，该损失将可以合理地已经避免的。若创立者付款不导致本条下的解除，创立者被受益人从在 §4a-404(a)下的受益人的银行收取付款的权利替代。

　　(c) 基于确定义务的解除是否发生在 (b)款下的目的，若受益人的银行接受托付单，该托付单的金额等于 创立者的托付单的金额减去一个或更多在资金转移中的收款行的主张，向受益人的付款视为创立者的指令的金额，除非按照受益人的要求，创立者不支付受益人扣除的费用的金额。

　　(d) 资金转移的创立者或受益人在本款下的权利，可以通过创立者与受益人的协议变更。

　　PART 5. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS [Table of Contents] 杂项规定

　　§ 4A-501. VARIATION BY AGREEMENT AND EFFECT OF FUNDS-TRANSFER SYSTEM RULE.

　　协议变更和资金转移系统规则的效力.

　　(a) Except as otherwise provided in this Article, the rights and obligations of a party to a funds transfer may be varied by agreement of the affected party.

　　(b) "Funds-transfer system rule" means a rule of an association of banks (i) governing transmission of payment orders by means of a funds-transfer system of the association or rights and obligations with respect to those orders, or (ii) to the extent the rule governs rights and obligations between banks that are parties to a funds transfer in which a Federal Reserve Bank, acting as an intermediary bank, sends a payment order to the beneficiary's bank. Except as otherwise provided in this Article, a funds-transfer system rule governing rights and obligations between participating banks using the system may be effective even if the rule conflicts with this Article and indirectly affects another party to the funds transfer who does not consent to the rule. A funds-transfer system rule may also govern rights and obligations of parties other than participating banks using the system to the extent stated in Sections 4A-404(c), 4A-405(d), and 4A-507(c).

　　(a) 除非本篇另有规定，资金转移的当事人的权利和义务可以通过相关当事人的协议变更。

　　(b) "资金转移系统规则" 指银行协会的规则(i) 调整托付单依靠该协会的资金转移系统的传输，或关于那些指令的权利和义务，或(ii)该规则调整调整作为资金转移的当事人的银行之间的权利和义务的范围内，担当为中间银行的联邦储备银行在资金转移中中发送托付单给受益人的银行。除非本篇另有规定，调整使用该系统的参加行之间的权利和义务的资金转移系统规则，可以为有效即使该规则与本篇冲突，并且直接影响资金转移的不同意该规则的其他当事人。在4a-404(c)、4a-405(d)及4a-507(c)规定的范围内，资金转移系统规则也调整除使用该系统的参加行之外的当事人的权利和义务。

　　§ 4A-502. CREDITOR PROCESS SERVED ON RECEIVING BANK; SETOFF BY BENEFICIARY'S BANK.

　　对收款行的债权人程序;受益人的银行抵消.

　　(a) As used in this section, "creditor process" means levy, attachment, garnishment, notice of lien, sequestration, or similar process issued by or on behalf of a creditor or other claimant with respect to an account.

　　(b) This subsection applies to creditor process with respect to an authorized account of the sender of a payment order if the creditor process is served on the receiving bank. For the purpose of determining rights with respect to the creditor process, if the receiving bank accepts the payment order the balance in the authorized account is deemed to be reduced by the amount of the payment order to the extent the bank did not otherwise receive payment of the order, unless the creditor process is served at a time and in a manner affording the bank a reasonable opportunity to act on it before the bank accepts the payment order.

　　(a) 本条使用的 "债权人程序" 指征收(levy)、扣传令(attachment)、协助扣押令(garnishment)、留置通知、 扣押令(sequestration)、或代表债权人或关于一个帐户的其他权利人的利益发起的类似程序。

　　(b) 本款适用于关于托付单的发送人的授权帐户的债权人程序，若该债权人程序被提供给收款行。基于确定关于债权人程序的权利的目的，若收款行接受托付单，授权帐户的余额视为减去了托付单的金额，在该银行未另外收到该指令的付款范围内，除非在该银行接受该托付单之前，以提供该银行合理的机会按其行动的时间和方式提供债权人程序。

　　(c) If a beneficiary's bank has received a payment order for payment to the beneficiary's account in the bank, the following rules apply:

　　(1) The bank may credit the beneficiary's account. The amount credited may be set off against an obligation owed by the beneficiary to the bank or may be applied to satisfy creditor process served on the bank with respect to the account.

　　(2) The bank may credit the beneficiary's account and allow withdrawal of the amount credited unless creditor process with respect to the account is served at a time and in a manner affording the bank a reasonable opportunity to act to prevent withdrawal.

　　(3) If creditor process with respect to the beneficiary's account has been served and the bank has had a reasonable opportunity to act on it, the bank may not reject the payment order except for a reason unrelated to the service of process.

　　(d) Creditor process with respect to a payment by the originator to the beneficiary pursuant to a funds transfer may be served only on the beneficiary's bank with respect to the debt owed by that bank to the beneficiary. Any other bank served with the creditor process is not obliged to act with respect to the process.

　　§ 4A-503. INJUNCTION OR RESTRAINING ORDER WITH RESPECT TO FUNDS TRANSFER.

　　关于资金转移的禁令或限制命令.

　　For proper cause and in compliance with applicable law, a court may restrain (i) a person from issuing a payment order to initiate a funds transfer, (ii) an originator's bank from executing the payment order of the originator, or (iii) the beneficiary's bank from releasing funds to the beneficiary or the beneficiary from withdrawing the funds. A court may not otherwise restrain a person from issuing a payment order, paying or receiving payment of a payment order, or otherwise acting with respect to a funds transfer.

　　由合适的原因并依照可适用的法律，法院可以制止(i) 某人签发托付单开始资金转移，(ii) 创立者的银行 执行创立者的托付单，或(iii) 受益人的银行让与资金给受益人，或受益人提取该资金。法院不得另外地抑制某人签发托付单、付款或收取托付单的付款、或关于资金转移的其他行动。

　　§ 4A-504. ORDER IN WHICH ITEMS AND PAYMENT ORDERS MAY BE CHARGED TO ACCOUNT; ORDER OF WITHDRAWALS FROM ACCOUNT.

　　在其里面项目和托付单可以被收取到帐户的指令;从帐户提款的指令.

　　(a) If a receiving bank has received more than one payment order of the sender or one or more payment orders and other items that are payable from the sender's account, the bank may charge the sender's account with respect to the various orders and items in any sequence.

　　(b) In determining whether a credit to an account has been withdrawn by the holder of the account or applied to a debt of the holder of the account, credits first made to the account are first withdrawn or applied.

　　(a) 若收款行收到不止一张发送人的托付单，或一张以上的托付单，以及应从发送人的帐户支付的其他项目，关于该各种指令和项目，以任何顺序，该银行可以向发送人的帐户主张付款。

　　(b) 在确定一个帐户的一笔存款是已经由该帐户的持有人提取，还是被用于该帐户的持有人的债务，首先作出到该帐户的存款首先被提取或应用。

　　§ 4A-505. PRECLUSION OF OBJECTION TO DEBIT OF CUSTOMER'S ACCOUNT.

　　对消费者的帐户的债务的拒绝之排除.

　　If a receiving bank has received payment from its customer with respect to a payment order issued in the name of the customer as sender and accepted by the bank, and the customer received notification reasonably identifying the order, the customer is precluded from asserting that the bank is not entitled to retain the payment unless the customer notifies the bank of the customer's objection to the payment within one year after the notification was received by the customer.

　　关于以该消费者作为发送人的名义签发的、并且由该银行接受的托付单，若收款行已经从其消费者处收到付款，并且，消费者收到适当地确定该指令的通知，该消费者被排除主张该银行无权保留该付款，除非在消费者收到该通知之后一年内，消费者通知银行消费者对付款的拒绝。

　　§ 4A-506. RATE OF INTEREST. 利息率.

　　(a) If, under this Article, a receiving bank is obliged to pay interest with respect to a payment order issued to the bank, the amount payable may be determined (i) by agreement of the sender and receiving bank, or (ii) by a funds-transfer system rule if the payment order is transmitted through a funds-transfer system.

　　(b) If the amount of interest is not determined by an agreement or rule as stated in subsection (a), the amount is calculated by multiplying the applicable Federal Funds rate by the amount on which interest is payable, and then multiplying the product by the number of days for which interest is payable. The applicable Federal Funds rate is the average of the Federal Funds rates published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York for each of the days for which interest is payable divided by 360. The Federal Funds rate for any day on which a published rate is not available is the same as the published rate for the next preceding day for which there is a published rate. If a receiving bank that accepted a payment order is required to refund payment to the sender of the order because the funds transfer was not completed, but the failure to complete was not due to any fault by the bank, the interest payable is reduced by a percentage equal to the reserve requirement on deposits of the receiving bank.

　　(a) 若在本篇下收款行应当支付签发给该银行的托付单的利息，应付的金额可以被确定(i) 通过发送人和收款行的协议，或(ii) 通过资金转移系统规则，若托付单通过资金转移系统传输。

　　(b) 若利息的金额未通过协议或 (a)款规定的规则确定，该金额通过应支付利息的金额乘以可适用的联邦资金率，然后以应支付利息的天数乘以该乘积计算。可适用的联邦资金率是纽约联邦储备 银行公布的每个应付利息之日的联邦资金率用360除的平均数。公布的利率不可获得之日的联邦基金率与前述之日的下一个有公布的利率之日的公布的利率相同。 若接受托付单的收款行被要求去退还付款给该指令的发送人因为该资金转移不被完成，但该失误不是由于该银行的任何过失，应付的利息减去等于收款行的存款利率(reserve requirement)百分比。

　　§ 4A-507. CHOICE OF LAW. 法律选择.

　　(a) The following rules apply unless the affected parties otherwise agree or subsection (c) applies:

　　(1) The rights and obligations between the sender of a payment order and the receiving bank are governed by the law of the jurisdiction in which the receiving bank is located.

　　(2) The rights and obligations between the beneficiary's bank and the beneficiary are governed by the law of the jurisdiction in which the beneficiary's bank is located.

　　(3) The issue of when payment is made pursuant to a funds transfer by the originator to the beneficiary is governed by the law of the jurisdiction in which the beneficiary's bank is located.

　　(b) If the parties described in each paragraph of subsection (a) have made an agreement selecting the law of a particular jurisdiction to govern rights and obligations between each other, the law of that jurisdiction governs those rights and obligations, whether or not the payment order or the funds transfer bears a reasonable relation to that jurisdiction.

　　(a) 下列规则适用除非有关当事人另有约定或者 (c)款适用：

　　(1) 在托付单的发送人与收款行之间的权利和义务受收款行所在地法律调整。

　　(2) 受益人行与受益人之间的权利和义务受受益人行所在地法律调整。

　　(3) 创立者对受益人根据资金转移作出的付款的签发时间由受益人的银行所在地法律调整。

　　(b) 若 (a)款各段规定的当事人已经达成选择调整互相之间的权利和义务的特定法律的协议，调整那些权利和义务的法律，无论该托付单或资金转移与该法域是否具有合理的联系。

　　(c) A funds-transfer system rule may select the law of a particular jurisdiction to govern (i) rights and obligations between participating banks with respect to payment orders transmitted or processed through the system, or (ii) the rights and obligations of some or all parties to a funds transfer any part of which is carried out by means of the system. A choice of law made pursuant to clause (i) is binding on participating banks. A choice of law made pursuant to clause (ii) is binding on the originator, other sender, or a receiving bank having notice that the funds-transfer system might be used in the funds transfer and of the choice of law by the system when the originator, other sender, or receiving bank issued or accepted a payment order. The beneficiary of a funds transfer is bound by the choice of law if, when the funds transfer is initiated, the beneficiary has notice that the funds-transfer system might be used in the funds transfer and of the choice of law by the system. The law of a jurisdiction selected pursuant to this subsection may govern, whether or not that law bears a reasonable relation to the matter in issue.

　　(c) 资金转移系统规则可以选择特定的准据法调整(i)各参与银行之间关于通过该系统传输或处理的托付单的权利和义务，或(ii) 资金转移的全部或部分当事人依靠该系统执行的任何部分的权利和义务。依照(i) 子句作出的法律的选择对多股银行(participating banks)具有约束力。依照(ii)子句作出的法律的选择对下列人具有约束力：创立者、除发送人之外，或得到资金转移系统也许在资金转移中使用并且由该系统选择法律的通知的收款行，创立者, 除发送人外，或签发或接受托付单的收款行。资金转移的受益人受法律的选择约束，若当资金转移开始时，受益人得到资金转移系统也许在资金转移中使用并且由该系统选择法律的通知。依照本款选择的准据法可以调整，无论该法律与争议问题是否具有合理的联系。

　　(d) In the event of inconsistency between an agreement under subsection (b) and a choice-of-law rule under subsection (c), the agreement under subsection (b) prevails.

　　(e) If a funds transfer is made by use of more than one funds-transfer system and there is inconsistency between choice-of-law rules of the systems, the matter in issue is governed by the law of the selected jurisdiction that has the most significant relationship to the matter in issue.

　　(d) 如果在(b)款下的协议与(c)款下的法律选择规则之间发生不一致，适用(b) 款下的协议。

　　(e) 若资金转移不止通过一个资金转移系统作出，并且在这些系统的法律选择规则之间存在不一致，争议问题由与该争议问题具有最重大关系的被选择的法域的法律调整。

　　U.C.C. - ARTICLE 5 - LETTERS OF CREDIT第 5篇 - 信用证

　　§ 5-101. Short Title. 简称

　　This Article shall be known and may be cited as Uniform Commercial Code-Letters of Credit. 本篇应称为并可以被引用为《统一商法典》-信用证。

　　§ 5-102. Definitions. 定义

　　(a) In this article: 本篇中：

　　(1) "Adviser" means a person who, at the request of the issuer, a confirmer, or another adviser, notifies or requests another adviser to notify the beneficiary that a letter of credit has been issued, confirmed, or amended.

　　(2) "Applicant" means a person at whose request or for whose account a letter of credit is issued. The term includes a person who requests an issuer to issue a letter of credit on behalf of another if the person making the request undertakes an obligation to reimburse the issuer.

　　(3) "Beneficiary" means a person who under the terms of a letter of credit is entitled to have its complying presentation honored. The term includes a person to whom drawing rights have been transferred under a transferable letter of credit.

　　(4) "Confirmer" means a nominated person who undertakes, at the request or with the consent of the issuer, to honor a presentation under a letter of credit issued by another.

　　(1) "顾问" 指依照发行人、批准人或其他顾问的请求，通知或要求其他顾问通知受益人信用证已被发行、批准、或修正的人。

　　(2) "申请人" 指按照其要求，信用证被签发的人，或者，对于其帐户，信用证被签发的人。该术语包括代表其他人的利益要求发行人签发信用证的人，若作出此请求的人向发行人承担偿还的义务。

　　(3) "受益人" 指在信用证的条款下有权使其符合规定的提示被兑现的人。该术语包括提款权已经在可转让信用证下被转让给其的人。

　　(4) "批准人" 指承担依照发行人的要求或者经发行人同意兑付其他人发行的信用证下的提示的义务的指定的人。

　　(5) "Dishonor" of a letter of credit means failure timely to honor or to take an interim action, such as acceptance of a draft, that may be required by the letter of credit.

　　(6) "Document" means a draft or other demand, document of title, investment security, certificate, invoice, or other record, statement, or representation of fact, law, right, or opinion (i) which is presented in a written or other medium permitted by the letter of credit or, unless prohibited by the letter of credit, by the standard practice referred to in Section 5-108(e) and (ii) which is capable of being examined for compliance with the terms and conditions of the letter of credit. A document may not be oral.

　　(7) "Good faith" means honesty in fact in the conduct or transaction concerned.

　　(8) "Honor" of a letter of credit means performance of the issuer's undertaking in the letter of credit to pay or deliver an item of value. Unless the letter of credit otherwise provides, "honor" occurs (i) upon payment,(ii) if the letter of credit provides for acceptance, upon acceptance of a draft and, at maturity, its payment, or(iii) if the letter of credit provides for incurring a deferred obligation, upon incurring the obligation and, at maturity, its performance.

　　(5) 信用证的"拒付人"指未能及时兑付或者采取临时的，例如汇票的承兑，可能被信用证要求的行为的人。

　　(6) "文件" 指汇票或其他要求、所有权证书、投资证券、证书、发票、或其他档案、声明、或事实、法律、权利或观点的陈述(i)以书面形式或信用证允许的其他媒介提示的，或者，除非信用证禁止，按照§5-108(e)规定的标准惯例，及 (ii) 可被检验为信用证的条款和条件。文件不得为口头的。

　　(7) "善意" 指在相关行为或交易中事实上诚实。

　　(8) 信用证的"兑付"指在信用证上承担支付或交付一个项目的价值的义务的发行人的履行。除非信用证另有规定，兑付发生 (i) 在付款时，(ii)若信用证规定承兑、在汇票的承兑时以及到期付款，或(iii)若信用证规定引起延期的义务，在引起该义务时以及到期履行。

　　(9) "Issuer" means a bank or other person that issues a letter of credit, but does not include an individual who makes an engagement for personal, family, or household purposes.

　　(10) "Letter of credit" means a definite undertaking that satisfies the requirements of Section 5-104 by an issuer to a beneficiary at the request or for the account of an applicant or, in the case of a financial institution, to itself or for its own account, to honor a documentary presentation by payment or delivery of an item of value.

　　(11) "Nominated person" means a person whom the issuer (i) designates or authorizes to pay, accept, negotiate, or otherwise give value under a letter of credit and (ii) undertakes by agreement or custom and practice to reimburse.

　　(12) "Presentation" means delivery of a document to an issuer or nominated person for honor or giving of value under a letter of credit.

　　(13) "Presenter" means a person making a presentation as or on behalf of a beneficiary or nominated person.

　　(14) "Record" means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium, or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form.

　　(15) "S统一商法典essor of a beneficiary" means a person who s统一商法典eeds to substantially all of the rights of a beneficiary by operation of law, including a corporation with or into which the beneficiary has been merged or consolidated, an administrator, executor, personal representative, trustee in bankruptcy, debtor in possession, liquidator, and receiver.

　　(9) "发行人" 指发行信用证的银行或其他人，但不包括为个人、家人或家庭目的作出承诺的个人。

　　(10) "信用证" 指一定的承诺，该承诺满足 §5-104的条件，由发行人向受益人按照申请人的要求或为其帐户，在金融机构的情形，向其自身或为其自己的帐户，通过付款或对价项目的交付，去兑付文件提示。

　　(11) "指定的人" 指这样的人，发行人 (i) 指派或授权其支付、接受、让渡、或其他方式给予信用证下的对价的人，及 (ii) 通过协议或习惯和惯例向其承担偿还义务的人。

　　(12) "提示" 指为兑付或在信用证下的对价的给予，对发行人或指定的人的文件的交付。

　　(13) "提示人" 指作为或代理受益人或指定的人的利益作出提示的人。

　　(14) "记录" 指记载在有形的媒介上，以电子形式或者其他媒介储存，并且可以可知觉的形式获得的信息。

　　(15) "受益人的继承人" 指由于法律的实施，充分地继承受益人的所有权利的人，包括受益人已被并入或加入的法人、管理人、执行人、私人代表、破产管理人、占有中的债务人、清算人、及接收人。

　　§ 5-103. Scope. 范围.

　　(a) This article applies to letters of credit and to certain rights and obligations arising out of transactions involving letters of credit.

　　(b) The statement of a rule in this article does not by itself require, imply, or negate application of the same or a different rule to a situation not provided for, or to a person not specified, in this article.

　　(c) With the exception of this subsection, subsections (a) and (d), Sections 5-102(a)(9) and (10), 5-106(d), and 5-114(d), and except to the extent prohibited in Sections 1-302 and 5-117(d), the effect of this article may be varied by agreement or by a provision stated or incorporated by reference in an undertaking. A term in an agreement or undertaking generally excusing liability or generally limiting remedies for failure to perform obligations is not sufficient to vary obligations prescribed by this article.

　　(d) Rights and obligations of an issuer to a beneficiary or a nominated person under a letter of credit are independent of the existence, performance, or nonperformance of a contract or arrangement out of which the letter of credit arises or which underlies it, including contracts or arrangements between the issuer and the applicant and between the applicant and the beneficiary.

　　(a) 本篇适用于信用证和产生于涉及信用证的交易的一定的权利和义务。

　　(b) 本篇中的规则的陈述本身不要求、暗示、或否定本篇中相同或不同的规则对未规定的情形或者不特定的人的适用。

　　(c) 除本款、(a) 、(d)、§5-102(a)(9) 及 (10)、§5-106(d) 、§ 5-114(d)以外，以及除§ 1-302及5-117(d)禁止的范围外，本篇的效力不得协议变更或在一项承诺(undertaking)中规定或并入的条款变更。通常免除对未能履行义务的责任或通常限制对未能履行义务的救济的协议或承诺中的条款不足于改变本篇规定的义务。

　　(d) 发行人对受益人或指定的人在信用证下的权利和义务独立于信用证产生于之的、或为其基础的合同或安排的存在、履行或不履行，包括在发行人和申请人之间和在申请人和受益人之间的合同或安排。

　　§ 5-104. Formal Requirements. 形式要件.

　　A letter of credit, confirmation, advice, transfer, amendment, or cancellation may be issued in any form that is a record and is authenticated (i) by a signature or (ii) in accordance with the agreement of the parties or the standard practice referred to in Section 5-108(e).

　　信用证、批准、通知(advice)、转让、修正、或取消可以下述的任何形式签发：为记录形式，并且经下述授权：(i) 签名，或 (ii)与当事人的协议一致或者与5-108(e)规定的标准惯例(standard practice)相一致。

　　§ 5-105. Consideration. 对价.

　　Consideration is not required to issue, amend, transfer, or cancel a letter of credit, advice, or confirmation.

　　发行、修正、转让、或取消信用证、通知(advice)、或批准不要求对价。

　　§ 5-106. Issuance, Amendment, Cancellation, and Duration. 发行、修正、取消、和持续期间.

　　(a) A letter of credit is issued and becomes enforceable according to its terms against the issuer when the issuer sends or otherwise transmits it to the person requested to advise or to the beneficiary. A letter of credit is revocable only if it so provides.

　　(b) After a letter of credit is issued, rights and obligations of a beneficiary, applicant, confirmer, and issuer are not affected by an amendment or cancellation to which that person has not consented except to the extent the letter of credit provides that it is revocable or that the issuer may amend or cancel the letter of credit without that consent.

　　(c) If there is no stated expiration date or other provision that determines its duration, a letter of credit expires one year after its stated date of issuance or, if none is stated, after the date on which it is issued.

　　(d) A letter of credit that states that it is perpetual expires five years after its stated date of issuance, or if none is stated, after the date on which it is issued.

　　(a) 信用证被发行并依照其条款，当该发行人发送或以其他方式传输它给被要求提供建议的人或受益人时，对发行人具有强制执行效力。信用证仅于其如此规定时可撤销。

　　(b) 在信用证被发行之后，受益人、申请人、批准人和发行人的权利和义务不受其未同意的修正或取消的影响，除非在信用证规定其可撤销或者规定发行人可以修正或取消信用证而无须其同意的范围外。

　　(c) 若没有规定的终止日期或者确定其持续期间的其他规定，信用证在其发行的规定的日期之后一年，或者，若没有规定，在其发行之日后。

　　(d) 规定其永久有效的信用证在其规定的发行日期之后之后五年终止，或者，若没有规定，在其发行之日后。

　　§ 5-107. Confirmer, Nominated Person, and Adviser. 批准人、指定的人、和顾问.

　　(a) A confirmer is directly obligated on a letter of credit and has the rights and obligations of an issuer to the extent of its confirmation. The confirmer also has rights against and obligations to the issuer as if the issuer were an applicant and the confirmer had issued the letter of credit at the request and for the account of the issuer.

　　(b) A nominated person who is not a confirmer is not obligated to honor or otherwise give value for a presentation.

　　(c) A person requested to advise may decline to act as an adviser. An adviser that is not a confirmer is not obligated to honor or give value for a presentation. An adviser undertakes to the issuer and to the beneficiary accurately to advise the terms of the letter of credit, confirmation, amendment, or advice received by that person and undertakes to the beneficiary to check the apparent authenticity of the request to advise. Even if the advice is inaccurate, the letter of credit, confirmation, or amendment is enforceable as issued.

　　(d) A person who notifies a transferee beneficiary of the terms of a letter of credit, confirmation, amendment, or advice has the rights and obligations of an adviser under subsection (c). The terms in the notice to the transferee beneficiary may differ from the terms in any notice to the transferor beneficiary to the extent permitted by the letter of credit, confirmation, amendment, or advice received by the person who so notifies.

　　(a) 批准人直接在信用证上负有义务，并且在其批准的范围内享有发行人的权利和义务。若发行人曾为申请人并且批准人已经依照发行人的要求和对发行人的帐户签发信用证，批准人也对发行人享有权利和承担义务。

　　(b) 非为批准人的指定的人不负兑付的义务或者其他方式对提示支付对价。

　　(c) 被要求提供建议的人可以拒绝作为顾问。非为批准人的顾问不负兑付的义务或者其他方式对提示支付对价。顾问对发行人和受益人承担正确地对由此人收到的信用证、批准、修正、或建议的条款提出建议的义务，和对受益人承担检验对建议的要求的外观授权的义务。即使该建议不准确，信用证、批准、或修正如签发的可强制执行。

　　(d) 通知信用证、批准、修正、或建议的条款的受让人受益人的人享有在(c)款下的顾问的权利和义务。在作出如此通知的人收到的信用证、批准、修正、或建议允许的范围内，对受让人受益人的通知的条款可以不同于给予让与人受益人的任何通知的条款。

　　§ 5-108. Issuer's Rights and Obligations发行人的权利义务

　　(a) Except as otherwise provided in Section 5-109, an issuer shall honor a presentation that, as determined by the standard practice referred to in subsection (e), appears on its face strictly to comply with the terms and conditions of the letter of credit. Except as otherwise provided in Section 5-113 and unless otherwise agreed with the applicant, an issuer shall dishonor a presentation that does not appear so to comply.

　　(a) 除§5-109另有规定，发行人应当兑付(e)款提到的标准惯例确定的、表明严格符合信用证的条款和条件的提示，除§5-113另有规定及除非申请人同意，发行人应当兑付表明不如此严格符合的提示。

　　(b) An issuer has a reasonable time after presentation, but not beyond the end of the seventh business day of the issuer after the day of its receipt of documents:

　　(1) to honor,

　　(2) if the letter of credit provides for honor to be completed more than seven business days after presentation, to accept a draft or incur a deferred obligation, or

　　(3) to give notice to the presenter of discrepancies in the presentation.

　　(c) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (d), an issuer is precluded from asserting as a basis for dishonor any discrepancy if timely notice is not given, or any discrepancy not stated in the notice if timely notice is given.

　　(d) Failure to give the notice specified in subsection (b) or to mention fraud, forgery, or expiration in the notice does not preclude the issuer from asserting as a basis for dishonor fraud or forgery as described in Section 5-109(a) or expiration of the letter of credit before presentation.

　　(b) 发行人在提示之后有合理的时间，但是不超过发行人在其接受文件之日后的第七个营业日结束：

　　(1) 去兑付，

　　(2)若信用证规定兑付应被完成在提示后超过七个营业日，接受汇票或引起延期的义务，或

　　(3) 通知在提示中的差异的提示人。

　　(c) 除(d)款另有规定，若及时的通知被作出，发行人被排除主张任何差异而拒付，或，若及时的通知被作出，在该通知中未规定的任何差异。

　　(d) 在给予(b)款规定的通知或提及欺诈、伪造、或在通知中的终止上的过失不排除发行人主张作为拒付的基础的§5-109(a)规定的欺诈或伪造，或信用证在提示前终止。

　　(e) An issuer shall observe standard practice of financial institutions that regularly issue letters of credit. Determination of the issuer's observance of the standard practice is a matter of interpretation for the court. The court shall offer the parties a reasonable opportunity to present evidence of the standard practice.

　　(f) An issuer is not responsible for:

　　(1) the performance or nonperformance of the underlying contract, arrangement, or transaction,

　　(2) an act or omission of others, or

　　(3) observance or knowledge of the usage of a particular trade other than the standard practice referred to in subsection (e).

　　(g) If an undertaking constituting a letter of credit under Section 5-102(a)(10) contains nondocumentary conditions, an issuer shall disregard the nondocumentary conditions and treat them as if they were not stated.

　　(h) An issuer that has dishonored a presentation shall return the documents or hold them at the disposal of, and send advice to that effect to, the presenter.

　　(e) 发行人应当遵守有规律地发行信用证的金融机构的标准惯例。发行人对标准惯例的遵守的决定是为法院的大概的解释。法院应当给予当事人合理的机会以提出标准惯例的证据。

　　(f) 发行人不应为下述负责：

　　(1) 根本的合同、安排或交易的履行或不履行，

　　(2) 其他人的行为或疏忽，或

　　(3)除(e)款提到的标准惯例以外的特定贸易习惯的遵守或知情。

　　(g) 若构成§5-102(a)(10)下的信用证的承诺包含非文件性的条件(nondocumentary conditions)，发行人应当忽略该非文件性的条件并视其如未规定，

　　(h) 已拒付一个提示的发行人应当退回该文件或由其支配，并发送带有其意思的建议给提示人。

　　(i) An issuer that has honored a presentation as permitted or required by this article:

　　(1) is entitled to be reimbursed by the applicant in immediately available funds not later than the date of its payment of funds;

　　(2) takes the documents free of claims of the beneficiary or presenter;

　　(3) is precluded from asserting a right of recourse on a draft under Sections 3-414 and 3-415;

　　(4) except as otherwise provided in Sections 5-110 and 5-117, is precluded from restitution of money paid or other value given by mistake to the extent the mistake concerns discrepancies in the documents or tender which are apparent on the face of the presentation; and

　　(5) is discharged to the extent of its performance under the letter of credit unless the issuer honored a presentation in which a required signature of a beneficiary was forged.

　　(i) 已按照本篇要求或本篇允许兑付一个提示的发行人：

　　(1) 有权得到申请人不迟于其资金的付款之日立即可获得的资金的赔偿;

　　(2) 使该文件不受受益人或提示人的权利之约束;

　　(3) 被排除主张在§ 3-414及3-415下的汇票的追索权;

　　(4) 除§ 5-110及 5-117另有规定，被排除得到金钱的归还或错误给予的其他对价，在该错误涉及在该文件或提交上在该提示的表明明显的不一致范围内;及

　　(5) 其在信用证下的履行的范围内解除义务，除非发行人兑付受益人的被要求的签名被伪造的提示。

　　§ 5-109. Fraud and Forgery. 欺诈和伪造.

　　(a) If a presentation is made that appears on its face strictly to comply with the terms and conditions of the letter of credit, but a required document is forged or materially fraudulent, or honor of the presentation would facilitate a material fraud by the beneficiary on the issuer or applicant:

　　(1) the issuer shall honor the presentation, if honor is demanded by (i) a nominated person who has given value in good faith and without notice of forgery or material fraud, (ii) a confirmer who has honored its confirmation in good faith, (iii) a holder in due course of a draft drawn under the letter of credit which was taken after acceptance by the issuer or nominated person, or (iv) an assignee of the issuer's or nominated person's deferred obligation that was taken for value and without notice of forgery or material fraud after the obligation was incurred by the issuer or nominated person; and

　　(2) the issuer, acting in good faith, may honor or dishonor the presentation in any other case.

　　(b) If an applicant claims that a required document is forged or materially fraudulent or that honor of the presentation would facilitate a material fraud by the beneficiary on the issuer or applicant, a court of competent jurisdiction may temporarily or permanently enjoin the issuer from honoring a presentation or grant similar relief against the issuer or other persons only if the court finds that:

　　(1) the relief is not prohibited under the law applicable to an accepted draft or deferred obligation incurred by the issuer;

　　(2) a beneficiary, issuer, or nominated person who may be adversely affected is adequately protected against loss that it may suffer because the relief is granted;

　　(3) all of the conditions to entitle a person to the relief under the law of this State have been met; and

　　(4) on the basis of the information submitted to the court, the applicant is more likely than not to s统一商法典eed under its claim of forgery or material fraud and the person demanding honor does not qualify for protection under subsection (a)(1).

　　(a) 若表明严格符合信用证的条款和条件的提示被作出，但要求的文件系伪造或者实质上是欺诈性的，或者提示的兑付将促进受益人对发行人或申请人的实质性的欺诈：

　　(1) 发行人应兑付该提示，若由下述的人要求(i)已经善意地给予了对价、并且没有得到伪造、实质性欺诈的通知的指定的人，(ii)已经善意地兑付其批准的批准人，(iii)汇票的适当持票人根据在发行人或指定的人接受之后取得的信用证提款，或(iv)发行人或指定的人的延期义务的受让人，在该义务被发行人或指定的人引起之后，此人被取得对价，而没有得到伪造或实质欺诈的通知;及

　　(2) 善意的发行人可以兑付或拒付在任何其他情形的提示。

　　(b) 若申请人主张要求的文件系伪造或实质上欺诈性的，或提示的兑付将会促进受益人对发行人或申请人实质性的欺诈，有权管辖的法院可以临时或永久地禁止发行人对发行人或其他人兑付提示或给予类似的救济，若该法院发现：

　　(1) 适用于被接受的汇票或发行人引起的延期义务的法律不禁止该救济;

　　(2) 可能受到不利影响的受益人、发行人、或指定的人被充分地保护防止其可能因该救济被赋予而遭受损失;

　　(3) 在本州法律下给予一个人救济权利的所有条件被满足;及

　　(4) 以提交给法院的信息为基础，申请人更可能成功主张伪造或实质欺诈，并且要求兑付的人不具有(a)(1)下的保护的资格。

　　§ 5-110. Warranties. 担保.

　　(a) If its presentation is honored, the beneficiary warrants:

　　(1) to the issuer, any other person to whom presentation is made, and the applicant that there is no fraud or forgery of the kind described in Section 5-109(a); and

　　(2) to the applicant that the drawing does not violate any agreement between the applicant and beneficiary or any other agreement intended by them to be augmented by the letter of credit.

　　(b) The warranties in subsection (a) are in addition to warranties arising under Article 3, 4, 7, and 8 because of the presentation or transfer of documents covered by any of those articles.

　　(a) 若其提示被兑付，受益人向下列人担保：

　　(1) 发行人、提示提示向其做出的任何其他他、以及没有在§5-109(a)规定的那种欺诈或伪造的申请人;和

　　(2) 申请人，若提款不违反在申请人与受益人之间的任何协议，或他们有意识地通过信用证增加的任何其他协议。

　　(b) (a)款的担保是添加于由于任何一篇包含的提示或文件的转让，产生于第 3、4、7、及8篇的担保。

　　§ 5-111. Remedies. 救济.

　　(a) If an issuer wrongfully dishonors or repudiates its obligation to pay money under a letter of credit before presentation, the beneficiary, s统一商法典essor, or nominated person presenting on its own behalf may recover from the issuer the amount that is the subject of the dishonor or repudiation. If the issuer's obligation under the letter of credit is not for the payment of money, the claimant may obtain specific performance or, at the claimant's election, recover an amount equal to the value of performance from the issuer. In either case, the claimant may also recover incidental but not consequential damages. The claimant is not obligated to take action to avoid damages that might be due from the issuer under this subsection. If, although not obligated to do so, the claimant avoids damages, the claimant's recovery from the issuer must be reduced by the amount of damages avoided. The issuer has the burden of proving the amount of damages avoided. In the case of repudiation the claimant need not present any document.

　　(a) 若发行人在提示前不当地拒付或拒偿其在信用证下支付金钱的债务，受益人、继承人、或为其自己利益提示的指定的人， 可以向发行人主张作为拒付或不履行的对象的金额。若发行人在信用证下的义务不是支付金钱，权利人可以获得实际履行，或者，按照权利人的旋转，向发行人索回 等于该履行的价值的金额。在任一情形，权利人也可以追回附带但不属于间接的损害赔偿。权利人不必采取心得以避免在本条县也许应当向发行人主张的损害赔偿。 若，虽然不必如此作为，权利人避免损害赔偿金，权利人向发行人的追回权必须减少被避免的损害赔偿的金额。发行人负担证明被避免的损害赔偿的金额的责任。 在不履行的情形，权利人无需提示任何文件。

　　(b) If an issuer wrongfully dishonors a draft or demand presented under a letter of credit or honors a draft or demand in breach of its obligation to the applicant, the applicant may recover damages resulting from the breach, including incidental but not consequential damages, less any amount saved as a result of the breach.

　　(c) If an adviser or nominated person other than a confirmer breaches an obligation under this article or an issuer breaches an obligation not covered in subsection (a) or (b), a person to whom the obligation is owed may recover damages resulting from the breach, including incidental but not consequential damages, less any amount saved as a result of the breach. To the extent of the confirmation, a confirmer has the liability of an issuer specified in this subsection and subsections (a) and (b).

　　(b) 若发行人不当地拒付汇票或被提示在信用证上的的要求(demand)，或兑付汇票或违反其对申请人的义务的要求，申请人可以追回该违约导致的损害赔偿，包括附带的但非间接损害赔偿，减去由于违约而节省的任何金额。

　　(c) 若除批准人外的顾问或指定的人违反本篇的义务，或发行人违反(a)或(b)款不包含的义务，该义务之权利人可以追回由于该违约导致的损害赔偿，包括附带的但非间接损害赔偿，减去由于违约而节省的任何金额。在批准的范围内，批准人负有本款和 (a) 及 (b)款特定的发行人的责任。

　　(d) An issuer, nominated person, or adviser who is found liable under subsection (a), (b), or (c) shall pay interest on the amount owed thereunder from the date of wrongful dishonor or other appropriate date.

　　(e) Reasonable attorney's fees and other expenses of litigation must be awarded to the prevailing party in an action in which a remedy is sought under this article.

　　(f) Damages that would otherwise be payable by a party for breach of an obligation under this article may be liquidated by agreement or undertaking, but only in an amount or by a formula that is reasonable in light of the harm anticipated.

　　(d) 在(a)、(b)、或(c) 款负有责任的发行人、指定的人、或顾问，应当支付所欠金额从不当拒付之日或其他适当日期起的利息。

　　(e) 合理的律师费和其他诉讼费用必须判给根据本篇寻求救济之诉的占优势的当事人。

　　(f) 一方当事人因违反本篇下的义务而应付的损害赔偿金可以通过协议或承诺清偿，根据预期的损害为合理的金额或通过合理的规则计算的金额。

　　§ 5-112. Transfer of Letter of Credit. 信用证的让与.

　　(a) Except as otherwise provided in Section 5-113, unless a letter of credit provides that it is transferable, the right of a beneficiary to draw or otherwise demand performance under a letter of credit may not be transferred.

　　(b) Even if a letter of credit provides that it is transferable, the issuer may refuse to recognize or carry out a transfer if:

　　(1) the transfer would violate applicable law; or

　　(2) the transferor or transferee has failed to comply with any requirement stated in the letter of credit or any other requirement relating to transfer imposed by the issuer which is within the standard practice referred to in Section 5-108(e) or is otherwise reasonable under the circumstances.

　　(a) 除§5-113另有规定，除非信用证规定其可转让，受益人提款或另外地在信用证下要求履行的权利不得转让。

　　(b) 即使信用证规定其可转让，发行人可以拒绝承认或执行该转让，若：

　　(1) 该让与将违反可适用的法律;或

　　(2) 让与人或受让人未能符合信用证规定的任何要求，或，未能符合任何其他要求，该其他要求是涉及发行人施加的、在§5-108(e)提到的标准惯例之内的让与，或在当时情形下为合理的要求。

　　§ 5-113. Transfer by Operation of Law. 通过法律是实施让与.

　　(a) A s essor of a beneficiary may consent to amendments, sign and present documents, and receive payment or other items of value in the name of the beneficiary without disclosing its status as a sessor.

　　(b) A sessor of a beneficiary may consent to amendments, sign and present documents, and receive payment or other items of value in its own name as the disclosed sessor of the beneficiary. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (e), an issuer shall recognize a disclosed sessor of a beneficiary as beneficiary in full substitution for its predecessor upon compliance with the requirements for recognition by the issuer of a transfer of drawing rights by operation of law under the standard practice referred to in Section 5-108(e) or, in the absence of such a practice, compliance with other reasonable procedures sufficient to protect the issuer.

　　(c) An issuer is not obliged to determine whether a purported sessor is a sessor of a beneficiary or whether the signature of a purported sessor is genuine or authorized.

　　(d) Honor of a purported sessor's apparently complying presentation under subsection (a) or (b) has the consequences specified in Section 5-108(i) even if the purported sessor is not the sessor of a beneficiary. Documents signed in the name of the beneficiary or of a disclosed sessor by a person who is neither the beneficiary nor the sessor of the beneficiary are forged documents for the purposes of Section 5-109.

　　(e) An issuer whose rights of reimbursement are not covered by subsection (d) or substantially similar law and any confirmer or nominated person may decline to recognize a presentation under subsection (b).

　　(f) A beneficiary whose name is changed after the issuance of a letter of credit has the same rights and obligations as a sessor of a beneficiary under this section.

　　(a) 不披露其继承者身份，受益人的继承人可以同意修正、签署和提示文件、以及收到付款或以受益人的名义的其他对价项目。

　　(b) 作为被披露的受益人的继承者，受益人的继承人可以同意修正、签署和提示文件、以及收到付款或以其自己名义的其他对价项目。除(e)另有规定外，发行人应当承认被披露的受益人的继承人作为受益人充分替代其前任，符合提款权的让与的发行人承认的条件，通过在§5-108(e)提到的标准惯例的法律的实施，没有此等惯例的，符合足以保护发行人的其他合理的程序。

　　(c) 发行人不必确定是否假设的继承者是受益人的继承人，或是否假设的继承者的签名是真实的或经授权的。

　　(d) 假设的继承者的明显符合(a)或(b)款的提示的兑付产生 §5-108(i)特定的结果，即使假设的继承者不是受益人的继承人。通过既非受益人也非受益人的继承者的人，以受益人或被披露的继承者的名义签署的文件，为§5-109的目的，是伪造的单据。

　　(e) (d)款或实质类似的法律和任何批准人或指定的人不包含其退还权的发行人，可以拒绝承认(b)款下的提示。

　　(f) 受益人的明知在信用证发行之后变更的，享有与本条下的受益人的继承人相同的权利和义务。

　　§ 5-114. Assignment of Proceeds. 收益的分配.

　　(a) In this section, "proceeds of a letter of credit" means the cash, check, accepted draft, or other item of value paid or delivered upon honor or giving of value by the issuer or any nominated person under the letter of credit. The term does not include a beneficiary's drawing rights or documents presented by the beneficiary.

　　(b) A beneficiary may assign its right to part or all of the proceeds of a letter of credit. The beneficiary may do so before presentation as a present assignment of its right to receive proceeds contingent upon its compliance with the terms and conditions of the letter of credit.

　　(c) An issuer or nominated person need not recognize an assignment of proceeds of a letter of credit until it consents to the assignment.

　　(a) 本条中，"信用证的收益" 指现金、支票、被接受的汇票、或其他被支付对价的或在兑付上交付的项目，或发行人或任何在信用证下的指定的人之对价的给予。本条款不包括受益人的提款权或受益人提示的文件。

　　(b) 受益人可以分配其对信用证的部分或全部收益的权利。在提示作为其收取收益的权利的提示分配之前，视其与信用证的条款和条件的符合而定，受益人可以如此作为。

　　(c) 发行人或指定的人在其同意该分配之前，其不必承认信用证的受益的分配。

　　(d) An issuer or nominated person has no obligation to give or withhold its consent to an assignment of proceeds of a letter of credit, but consent may not be unreasonably withheld if the assignee possesses and exhibits the letter of credit and presentation of the letter of credit is a condition to honor.

　　(e) Rights of a transferee beneficiary or nominated person are independent of the beneficiary's assignment of the proceeds of a letter of credit and are superior to the assignee's right to the proceeds.

　　(f) Neither the rights recognized by this section between an assignee and an issuer, transferee beneficiary, or nominated person nor the issuer's or nominated person's payment of proceeds to an assignee or a third person affect the rights between the assignee and any person other than the issuer, transferee beneficiary, or nominated person. The mode of creating and perfecting a security interest in or granting an assignment of a beneficiary's rights to proceeds is governed by Article 9 or other law. Against persons other than the issuer, transferee beneficiary, or nominated person, the rights and obligations arising upon the creation of a security interest or other assignment of a beneficiary's right to proceeds and its perfection are governed by Article 9 or other law.

　　(d) 发行人或指定的人没有义务给予其对信用证的收益的分配的同意或拒绝，但是，若受让人占有和展示信用证并且信用证的提示是兑付的条件，同意不得被不合理地拒绝。

　　(e) 受让人受益人或指定的人的权利独立于受益人信用证的收益的分配，并且优于受让人对收益的权利。

　　(f) 本条承认的、在受让人和发行人、受让人受益人、或指定的人之 间的权利，以及发行人的或指定的人的对受让人或第三人的收益的付款，均不影响在受让人和除发行人、受让人受益人、或指定的人之外的任何人之间的权利。创建 和完善一项担保权益或受益人对收益的权利的给予分配的模式受第9篇或其他法律调整。产生于担保权益或受益人对收益的权利的其他分配的创建及其完善的、对除 发行人、受让人受益人、或指定的人之外的人的权利和义务受第9篇或其他法律调整。

　　§ 5-115. Statute of Limitations. 法定时效.

　　An action to enforce a right or obligation arising under this article must be commenced within one year after the expiration date of the relevant letter of credit or one year after the [claim for relief] [cause of action] accrues, whichever occurs later. A [claim for relief] [cause of action] accrues when the breach occurs, regardless of the aggrieved party's lack of knowledge of the breach.

　　执行产生于本篇的权利或义务的诉讼必须在相关的信用证的终止日期之后一年内提起，或在[救济权] [诉讼原因] 产生之后一年内提起，无论何者发生在后。违约发生时，[救济权] [诉讼原因] 产生，即使受害当事人不知道该违约。

　　§ 5-116. Choice of Law and Forum.法律与诉讼地的选择

　　(a) The liability of an issuer, nominated person, or adviser for action or omission is governed by the law of the jurisdiction chosen by an agreement in the form of a record signed or otherwise authenticated by the affected parties in the manner provided in Section 5-104 or by a provision in the person's letter of credit, confirmation, or other undertaking. The jurisdiction whose law is chosen need not bear any relation to the transaction.

　　(b) Unless subsection (a) applies, the liability of an issuer, nominated person, or adviser for action or omission is governed by the law of the jurisdiction in which the person is located. The person is considered to be located at the address indicated in the person's undertaking. If more than one address is indicated, the person is considered to be located at the address from which the person's undertaking was issued. For the purpose of jurisdiction, choice of law, and recognition of interbranch letters of credit, but not enforcement of a judgment, all branches of a bank are considered separate juridical entities and a bank is considered to be located at the place where its relevant branch is considered to be located under this subsection.

　　(a) 发行人、指定的人、或顾问行为或懈怠的责任受协议选择的法律调整，该协议的形式为经受影响的当事人、按照此人的信用证、批准、或其他承诺的规定的方式、签署或经其授权的记录的形式。其法律被选择的法域无须与该交易具有任何联系。

　　(b) 除非(a)款适用，发行人、指定的人、或顾问因 行为或疏忽的责任由此人所在地法律调整。此人在其承诺中规定的地址视为其所在地。若规定了不止一个地址，此人签发其承诺的地址视为其所在地。基于法域、法 律选择、分支机构之间的信用证的承认的目的，但判决的执行除外，银行的所有分支机构被视为独立的法律实体，根据本款其相关分支机构所在地视为银行的所在 地。

　　(c) Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, the liability of an issuer, nominated person, or adviser is governed by any rules of custom or practice, such as the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits, to which the letter of credit, confirmation, or other undertaking is expressly made subject. If (i) this article would govern the liability of an issuer, nominated person, or adviser under subsection (a) or (b), (ii) the relevant undertaking incorporates rules of custom or practice, and (iii) there is conflict between this article and those rules as applied to that undertaking, those rules govern except to the extent of any conflict with the nonvariable provisions specified in Section 5-103(c).

　　(d) If there is conflict between this article and Article 3, 4, 4A, or 9, this article governs.

　　(e) The forum for settling disputes arising out of an undertaking within this article may be chosen in the manner and with the binding effect that governing law may be chosen in accordance with subsection (a).

　　(c) 除本条另有规定，发行人、指定的人、或顾问的责任受任何习惯或惯例规则调整，例如《跟单信用证统一习惯和惯例》，信用证、批准或其他承诺被明示地作为其对象。若(i) 本篇将调整发行人、指定的人、或顾问在 (a)或(b)款下的责任，(ii) 相关的承诺合并习惯或惯例规则，及 (iii)在本篇和适用于那些承诺的规则直接按存在冲突，除与§5-103(c)特定的不可变条款相冲突之外，适用那些规则。

　　(d) 若在本篇与3，4，4a,或9篇之间有冲突，适用本篇。

　　(e) 在本篇之内的承诺产生的争议，解决该争议的法院可以根据(a)款选择调整性法律的方式和约束力选择。

　　§ 5-117. Subrogation of Issuer, Applicant, and Nominated Person.

　　发行人、申请人、指定的人的代位.

　　(a) An issuer that honors a beneficiary's presentation is subrogated to the rights of the beneficiary to the same extent as if the issuer were a secondary obligor of the underlying obligation owed to the beneficiary and of the applicant to the same extent as if the issuer were the secondary obligor of the underlying obligation owed to the applicant.

　　(b) An applicant that reimburses an issuer is subrogated to the rights of the issuer against any beneficiary, presenter, or nominated person to the same extent as if the applicant were the secondary obligor of the obligations owed to the issuer and has the rights of subrogation of the issuer to the rights of the beneficiary stated in subsection (a).

　　(a) 在与发行人曾是对受益人所负的潜在义务的次债务人相同的范围内，兑付受益人的提示的发行人由受益人的权利替代，与发行人曾是对申请人所负的潜在义务的次债务人相同范围内，申请人的权利替代。

　　(b) 与申请人曾是对发行人所负债务的次债务人相同范围内，赔偿发行人的申请人被发行人对任何受益人、提示人、或指定的人的权利所替代， 并且，赔偿发行人的申请人享有发行人对(a)款规定的受益人的权利的替代权。

　　(c) A nominated person who pays or gives value against a draft or demand presented under a letter of credit is subrogated to the rights of:

　　(1) the issuer against the applicant to the same extent as if the nominated person were a secondary obligor of the obligation owed to the issuer by the applicant;

　　(2) the beneficiary to the same extent as if the nominated person were a secondary obligor of the underlying obligation owed to the beneficiary; and

　　(3) the applicant to same extent as if the nominated person were a secondary obligor of the underlying obligation owed to the applicant.

　　(d) Notwithstanding any agreement or term to the contrary, the rights of subrogation stated in subsections (a) and (b) do not arise until the issuer honors the letter of credit or otherwise pays and the rights in subsection (c) do not arise until the nominated person pays or otherwise gives value. Until then, the issuer, nominated person, and the applicant do not derive under this section present or prospective rights forming the basis of a claim, defense, or excuse.

　　(c) 对汇票或在信用证下被提示的要求付款或者给予对价的指定的人被下列权利替代：

　　(1) 发行人对申请人的权利，在与指定的人曾是申请人对发行人所欠债务的次债务人相同范围内;

　　(2) 受益人与指定的人曾是对受益人所欠潜在债务的次债务人相同范围内享有的权利;及

　　(3) 申请人与指定的人曾是对申请人所欠潜在债务的次债务人相同范围内享有的权利。

　　(d) 即使任何协议或条款相反规定，(a)和(b)款规定的替代权在发行人兑付信用证或其他方式支付之前不产生，并且，(c)款规定的权利在指定的人支付或以其他方式给予对价之前不产生。在那时之前，发行人、指定的人、及申请人不根据本条得到构成其主张、抗辩或免责的基础的提示或预期的权利。

　　§ 5-118. Security Interest of Issuer or Nominated Person. 发行人或指定的人的担保权益.

　　(a) An issuer or nominated person has a security interest in a document presented under a letter of credit and any identifiable proceeds of the collateral to the extent that the issuer or nominated person honors or gives value for the presentation.

　　(b) Subject to subsection (c), as long as and to the extent that an issuer or nominated person has not been reimbursed or has not otherwise recovered the value given with respect to a security interest in a document under subsection (a), the security interest continues and is subject to Article 9, but:

　　(1) a security agreement is not necessary to make the security interest enforceable under Section 9-203(b)(3);

　　(2) if the document is presented in a medium other than a written or other tangible medium, the security interest is perfected; and

　　(3) if the document is presented in a written or other tangible medium and is not a certificated security, chattel paper, a document of title, an instrument, or a letter of credit, so long as the debtor does not have possession of the document, the security interest is perfected and has priority over a conflicting security interest in the document.

　　(a) 在发行人或指定的人兑付或为提示给予对价的范围内，发行人或指定的人对在信用证下提示的文件享有担保权益，并享有担保物的任何可确定的收益。

　　(b) 受(c)款影响，只要并且在发行人或指定的人没有被赔偿或没有以其他方式追回关于在(a)款下的文件上的担保权益而给予的对价范围内，该担保权益继续存在并且的第9篇调整的对象，但：

　　(1) 使§9-203(b)(3)规定的担保权益具有强制执行效力无需担保协议;

　　(2) 若该文件以书面的或其他有形的媒介之外的媒介提示，该担保权益被完善;及

　　(3) 若该文件以书面的或其他有形的媒介提示，并且非为经证明的担保、动产契据、所有权证书、票据、或信用证，只要该债权人没有占有该文件，担保权益是完善的，并且优先于在该文件上的相冲突的担保权益。

　　REPEALER OF U.C.C. - ARTICLE 6 - BULK TRANSFERS大宗买卖

　　and

　　[REVISED] U.C.C. - ARTICLE 6 - BULK SALES

　　(States to Select One Alternative A or B)

　　ALTERNATIVE A

　　§ 1. Repeal.

　　Article 6 and Section 9-111 of the Uniform Commercial Code are hereby repealed, effective _______________.

　　§ 2. Amendment. 修正

　　Section 1-105(2) of the Uniform Commercial Code is hereby amended to read as follows:

　　(2) Where one of the following provisions of this Act specifies the applicable law, that provision governs and a contrary agreement is effective only to the extent permitted by the law (including the conflict of laws rules) so specified:

　　Rights of creditors against sold goods. Section 2-402.

　　Applicability of the Article on Leases. Sections 2A-105 and 2A-106.

　　Applicability of the Article on Bank Deposits and Collections. Section 4-102.

　　Applicability of the Article on Investment Securities. Section 8-106.

　　Perfection provisions of the Article on Secured Transactions. Section 9-103.

　　(2) 本法案的下列规定之一指定可适用的法律，则以那些规定为准，相反的协议仅在该法律(包括法律冲突规则)允许的范围内有效 ：

　　债权人对出卖的货物的权利。 § 2-402.

　　租赁篇的可适用性。 § 2a-105 and 2a-106.

　　关于银行存款和收款之篇的适用性。§ 4-102.

　　关于投资证券之篇的适用性。§ 8-106.

　　担保交易之篇的完善规定。§ 9-103.

　　§ 3. Amendment. 修正

　　Section 2-403(4) of the Uniform Commercial Code is hereby amended to read as follows:

　　因此修订如下：

　　(4) The rights of other purchasers of goods and of lien creditors are governed by the Articles on Secured Transactions (Article 9) and Documents of Title (Article 7).

　　(4) 货物的其他购买人及留置权人的权利受担保交易篇、所有权契据篇 (article 7)调整。

　　§ 4. Savings Clause. 保留条款.

　　Rights and obligations that arose under Article 6 and Section 9-111 of the Uniform Commercial Code before their repeal remain valid and may be enforced as though those statutes had not been repealed.]

　　Legislative Note: To take account of differences between former Article 9 and revised Article 9, a State that repeals Article 6 after revised Article 9 takes effect must make the following changes to Alternative A. First, inasmuch as revised Article 9 contains no counterpart of former Section 9-111, the reference to that section in Section 1 of the repealer should be deleted, and Section 4 of the repeal bill should allude to former Section 9-111. Second, the last entry in Section 1-105(2) should be amended as shown above in this Appendix.

　　第6篇和统一商法典§ 9-111条规定的权利义务在废除前保持有效并且可以被强制执行就如那些法令尚未废除。]

　　立 法注释: 考虑到原第9篇和修正版第9篇之间的差异，在修正版第9篇生效后废止第6篇的州必须对选项a作出下列改变。首先，既然修正版第9篇不包含原§ 9-111的替代条款，对该条和废除者的§ 1 的参照应当删除，并且，废除法案的§ 4 应当提到原 § 9-111。其次，§ 1-105(2) 的最后一条应当如本附录上如上所述修正。

　　[END OF ALTERNATIVE A] [选项a结束]

　　ALTERNATIVE B

　　PART 1. SUBJECT MATTER AND DEFINITIONS主题和定义

　　§ 6-101. Short Title. 简称.

　　This Article shall be known and may be cited as Uniform Commercial Code - Bulk Sales.

　　本篇应称为并可以被引用为《统一商法典》 – 整批销售。

　　§ 6-102. Definitions and Index of Definitions. 定义和定义索引.

　　(1) In this Article, unless the context otherwise requires:

　　(a) "Assets" means the inventory that is the subject of a bulk sale and any tangible and intangible personal property used or held for use primarily in, or arising from, the seller's business and sold in connection with that inventory, but the term does not include:

　　(i) fixtures (Section 9-102(a)(41)) other than readily removable factory and office machines;

　　(ii) the lessee's interest in a lease of real property; or

　　(iii) property to the extent it is generally exempt from creditor process under nonbankruptcy law.

　　(b) "Auctioneer" means a person whom the seller engages to direct, conduct, control, or be responsible for a sale by auction.

　　(1) 除非上下文另有规定，本篇中：

　　(a) "资产"指整批销售和被使用或主要为在出卖人的营业中使用而持有、或产生于出卖人的营业中的任何有形的及无形的动产，并在该总量中出售的对象的总量，但本术语不包括：

　　(i) 除易移动的工厂和办公机器之外的固定设备(§ 9-102(a)(41));

　　(ii) 承租人在不动产租赁上的权益;或

　　(iii) 在通常不受在非破产法下的债权人程序调整的范围内的财产。

　　(b) "拍卖人"指出卖人直接指引、管理、支配、或对拍卖负责的人。

　　(c) "Bulk sale" means: "整批销售"指：

　　(i) in the case of a sale by auction or a sale or series of sales conducted by a liquidator on the seller's behalf, a sale or series of sales not in the ordinary course of the seller's business of more than half of the seller's inventory, as measured by value on the date of the bulk-sale agreement, if on that date the auctioneer or liquidator has notice, or after reasonable inquiry would have had notice, that the seller will not continue to operate the same or a similar kind of business after the sale or series of sales; and

　　(ii) in all other cases, a sale not in the ordinary course of the seller's business of more than half the seller's inventory, as measured by value on the date of the bulk-sale agreement, if on that date the buyer has notice, or after reasonable inquiry would have had notice, that the seller will not continue to operate the same or a similar kind of business after the sale.

　　(d) "Claim" means a right to payment from the seller, whether or not the right is reduced to judgment, liquidated, fixed, matured, disputed, secured, legal, or equitable. The term includes costs of collection and attorney's fees only to the extent that the laws of this state permit the holder of the claim to recover them in an action against the obligor.

　　(i) 在代表出卖人利益的清算人操作的拍卖或买卖或系列买卖情形，对在整批销售协议之日的价值之衡量，若在该日拍卖人或清算人得到通知，或在合理的调查之后，不在出卖人的通常营业过程中的超过出卖人的总量的一半的买卖或系列买卖，将会已经得到通知，在该买卖或系列买卖之后，出卖人不将继续运行相同的或类似种类的营业;并且

　　(ii) 在所有其他情形，在整批销售协议之日的价值之衡量，超过出卖人的存货总量一半的、不在出卖人的通常营业过程中的买卖， 若在该日或者在合理的调查之后买方得到通知，本来已经得到通知，出卖人在该买卖之后，出卖人不将继续运行相同的或类似种类的营业。

　　(d) "主张"指对来自出卖人的付款的权利，无论该权利是否处于判断中、被清算、被确定、被到期、被保护、合法、或者公平。本术语包括收款费用和律师费，但限于本州的法律允许该主张之持有人在对债务人的诉讼中追回它们的范围内。

　　(e) "Claimant" means a person holding a claim incurred in the seller's business other than:

　　(i) an unsecured and unmatured claim for employment compensation and benefits, including commissions and vacation, severance, and sick-leave pay;

　　(ii) a claim for injury to an individual or to property, or for breach of warranty, unless:

　　(A) a right of action for the claim has accrued;

　　(B) the claim has been asserted against the seller; and

　　(C) the seller knows the identity of the person asserting the claim and the basis upon which the person has asserted it; and　　(States To Select One Alternative)

　　(e) "权利人"指除下述之外，持有出卖人的营业引起的主张的人：

　　(i) 因雇佣赔偿和利益的未保护和未到期的主张，包括代理和休假、分割、和病假工资;

　　(ii) 对人身损害或对财产损害的主张，或者因违反担保之主张，除非：

　　(a) 因该主张的诉讼权利已经发生;

　　(b) 该主张已经被对出卖人宣称;及

　　(c) 出卖人知道主张该权利之人的身份及此人已经基于其主张的基础;及(各州选择一个选项)

　　ALTERNATIVE A选项 a

　　[(iii) a claim for taxes owing to a governmental unit.] 对欠政府单位的税收的主张。

　　ALTERNATIVE B选项 b

　　[(iii) a claim for taxes owing to a governmental unit, if: 对欠政府单位的税收的主张，若：

　　(A) a statute governing the enforcement of the claim permits or requires notice of the bulk sale to be given to the governmental unit in a manner other than by compliance with the requirements of this Article; and

　　(B) notice is given in accordance with the statute.]

　　(f) "Creditor" means a claimant or other person holding a claim.

　　(g) (i) "Date of the bulk sale" means:

　　(A) if the sale is by auction or is conducted by a liquidator on the seller's behalf, the date on which more than ten percent of the net proceeds is paid to or for the benefit of the seller; and

　　(B) in all other cases, the later of the date on which:

　　(I) more than ten percent of the net contract price is paid to or for the benefit of the seller; or

　　(II) more than ten percent of the assets, as measured by value, are transferred to the buyer.

　　(ii) For purposes of this subsection:

　　(a) 调整该主张之执行的法令允许或要求整批销售的通知以除通过符合本篇规定之外的方式给予政府单位;并且

　　(b)依照该法令给予通知。]

　　(f) "债权人"指权利人或者持有一项主张的其他人。

　　(g) (i) "整批销售之日"指:

　　(a) 若该买卖是拍卖或者由代表出卖人利益的清算人管理，指超过百分之十的纯收益被支付给出卖人或为出卖人的利益支付之日;及

　　(b) 在所有其他情形，在下述之日的以后：

　　(i) 超过百分之十的纯合同价格被支付或为出卖人的利益支付;或

　　(ii) 按照其价值计算，超过百分之十的资产被转让给买方。

　　(ii) 为本款之目的：

　　(A) Delivery of a negotiable instrument (Section 3-104(1) [sic]) to or for the benefit of the seller in exchange for assets constitutes payment of the contract price pro tanto;

　　(B) To the extent that the contract price is deposited in an escrow, the contract price is paid to or for the benefit of the seller when the seller acquires the unconditional right to receive the deposit or when the deposit is delivered to the seller or for the benefit of the seller, whichever is earlier; and

　　(C) An asset is transferred when a person holding an unsecured claim can no longer obtain through judicial proceedings rights to the asset that are superior to those of the buyer arising as a result of the bulk sale. A person holding an unsecured claim can obtain those superior rights to a tangible asset at least until the buyer has an unconditional right, under the bulk-sale agreement, to possess the asset, and a person holding an unsecured claim can obtain those superior rights to an intangible asset at least until the buyer has an unconditional right, under the bulk-sale agreement, to use the asset.

　　(a) 流通票据(§ 3-104(1) [sic]) 对出卖人或为出卖人的利益、交换在某种程度上构成合同价格的付款的资产的交付;

　　(b) 在合同价格被存放在由第三者保存附带条件委付盖印的契约(escrow)范围内，当出卖人获得收取该押金的无条件的权利时，或者，当该押金被交付给出卖人或或为出卖人的利益而交付时，无论何者更早，合同价格被支付给出卖人或为出卖人的利益而支付;并且

　　(c) 当持有无担保的主张的人不再可以通过司法程序获得对该资产的权利时，资产被转让的，该资产优于买方产生于整批销售的资产权利。至少在买方享有无条件权利之前，根据整批销售协议，持有无担保的主张的人可以获得对有形资产的优先权利，占有该资产，并且，至少在买方享有无条件权利之前，根据整批销售协议，持有无担保的主张的人可以获得对有形资产的优先权利，使用该资产。

　　(h) "Date of the bulk-sale agreement" means:

　　(i) in the case of a sale by auction or conducted by a liquidator (subsection (c)(i)), the date on which the seller engages the auctioneer or liquidator; and

　　(ii) in all other cases, the date on which a bulk-sale agreement becomes enforceable between the buyer and the seller.

　　(i) "Debt" means liability on a claim.

　　(j) "Liquidator" means a person who is regularly engaged in the business of disposing of assets for businesses contemplating liquidation or dissolution.

　　(k) "Net contract price" means the new consideration the buyer is obligated to pay for the assets less:

　　(h) "整批销售协议日期"指:

　　(i) 在拍卖的情形，或者在清算人 ((c)(i))管理的情形，出卖人使拍卖人或清算人从事之日;及

　　(ii) 在其他情形，整批销售协议在买方和卖方之间具有强制执行效力之日。

　　(i) "债务"指对一项主张的责任。

　　(j) "清算人"指以从事资产处理业务，计划清算或解散营业的人。

　　(k) "纯合同价格"指买方就该资产应支付的新的对价减去：

　　(i) the amount of any proceeds of the sale of an asset, to the extent the proceeds are applied in partial or total satisfaction of a debt secured by the asset; and

　　(ii) the amount of any debt to the extent it is secured by a security interest or lien that is enforceable against the asset before and after it has been sold to a buyer. If a debt is secured by an asset and other property of the seller, the amount of the debt secured by a security interest or lien that is enforceable against the asset is determined by multiplying the debt by a fraction, the numerator of which is the value of the new consideration for the asset on the date of the bulk sale and the denominator of which is the value of all property securing the debt on the date of the bulk sale.

　　(l) "Net proceeds" means the new consideration received for assets sold at a sale by auction or a sale conducted by a liquidator on the seller's behalf less:

　　(i) commissions and reasonable expenses of the sale;

　　(ii) the amount of any proceeds of the sale of an asset, to the extent the proceeds are applied , in partial or total satisfaction of a debt secured by the asset; and

　　(iii) the amount of any debt to the extent it is secured by a security interest or lien that is enforceable against the asset before and after it has been sold to a buyer. If a debt is secured by an asset and other property of the seller, the amount of the debt secured by a security interest or lien that is enforceable against the asset is determined by multiplying the debt by a fraction, the numerator of which is the value of the new consideration for the asset on the date of the bulk sale and the denominator of which is the value of all property securing the debt on the date of the bulk sale.

　　(m) A sale is "in the ordinary course of the seller's business" if the sale comports with usual or customary practices in the kind of business in which the seller is engaged or with the seller's own usual or customary practices.

　　(i) 一项资产买卖的任何收益的金额，在该收益被应用于部分或全部该资产担保的债务之清偿范围内;及

　　(ii) 任何债务的金额，该金额在其已被出售给买方之前或之后，对该资产具有强制执行效力的担保权益或留置权所担保的范围内。若一项债务被一项资产和出卖人的其他 财产担保，对该资产具有强制执行效力的担保权益或留置权所担保的债务的金额通过一个分数乘以该债务决定，该分数的分子是该资产在整批销售之日的新的对价的价值，其分母是担保该债务的所有资产在整批销售之日的价值。

　　(l) "纯收益"指为在拍卖或清算人为卖方的利益管理的买卖中出售的资产收到的新的的对价减去：

　　(i) 出卖的佣金和合理的费用;

　　(ii) 资产出售的任何收益的金额，在部分或全部清偿该资产所担保的债务所使用的收益的范围内;及

　　(iii) 对该资产具有强制执行效力的担保权益或留置权所担保的范围内，在其被出售该买方之前或之后，任何债务的金额。若一项债务被一项资产或出卖人的其他财产担 保，对该资产具有强制执行效力的担保权益或留置权所担保的的债务的金额通过一个分数乘以该债务决定，该分数的分子是该资产在整批销售之日的新的对价的价值，其分母是担保该债务的所有资产在整批销售之日的价值。

　　(m) 若该买卖符合出卖人所从事的营业类型中的通常的或惯常做法，或符合卖方自己的通常的或惯常做法，在该买卖是"在卖方通常营业过程中 "。