运动医学翻译

原文

For the athlete undergoing direct repair of spondylolysis, a return to preinjury athletic performance is often the primary goal. Authors reporting on surgical outcomes in athletes with these injuries use a variety of methods to measure outcome. In 1966, Henderson proposed a set of criteria to measure the outcome in patients undergoing surgical treatment for spondylolisthesis. These criteria are still used today and provide an overall view of outcomes in a large patient population.
Although the literature contains limited data on athletes, the available data reveal that professional athletes can undergo various methods of surgical treatment and achieve excellent outcomes and a return to their previous athletic performance . Buck’s is a popular technique for the surgical treatment of spondylolysis in athletes, with half of the studies on athletes utilizing this technique. The procedure also yields consistently high outcomes, with > 90% of athletes able to return to their previous athletic performance. Other methods, such as pedicle screw hook fixation, show potential, but the limited available data make it difficult to draw conclusions.
There is no consensus on when an athlete can return to play. In a survey, Scoliosis Research Society members reported greatly varied recommendations regarding a return to sports following surgery for scoliosis. The most common recommendation for a noncontact, low-impact sport was after 6 months. For contact sports, the most common recommendation was after 12 months; however, 13% of responding clinicians recommended never returning. For collision sports, 60% of responding clinicians did not favor ever resuming the sport.
译文
    针对患有脊椎滑脱需实施直接手术修复的运动员，重获赛前的竞技状态是治疗的首要目标。 研究者采用不同的预后衡量方法对运动员的临床预后进行了报道。1966年，Henderson提出了一项脊椎滑脱手术治疗临床预后评估标准。这些标准一直沿用至今。
    虽然运动员脊椎滑脱的相关研究较少，但现有的数据显示，职业运动员可进行不同的手术治疗，疗效较为理想，均可重获其赛前运动能力。出现脊椎滑脱的运动员多数实施Buck手术，占总研究数量的50%。该手术所得临床预后较高，高于90%的运动员可继续从事其竞技运动。其他方法，如椎弓根钉钩固定虽然也有一定疗效，但所得数据有限，难以得出可靠的结论。
    针对运动员恢复到何种程度即可回到赛场，目前尚无定论。脊柱侧凸研究学会报告脊柱侧凸术后运动员回归赛场的时间各异，33其主张6个月后运动员可以回到非接触、轻度撞击的运动当中。针对接触式运动，推荐时间为12个月后。但有约3%的医师建议运动员不要再从事竞技活动。对撞击性运动而言，60%的医师建议放弃竞技运动。